Spatio-temporal occurrence and habitat characteristics of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae in Southern Afar region, Ethiopia.

IF 3.6 Q1 TROPICAL MEDICINE
Mohammed Seid, Esayas Aklilu, Abebe Animut
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Describing spatio-temporal occurrence and habitat characteristics of Aedes mosquito larvae is crucial for the control of Aedes borne viral diseases. This study assessed spatio-temporal abundance and habitat characteristics of Aedes larvae in the Southern Afar Region, Ethiopia.

Methods: Immature mosquitoes were surveyed in Awash Sebat, Awash Arba, and Werer towns of the Southern Afar Region once per month from May 2022 to April 2023. Larvae and pupae surveys were carried out along the available water-holding containers. The collected larvae/pupae were reared to adults and identified by  species/genus morphologically. The physical and chemical properties of the habitats were also characterized.

Results: A total of 9099 Aedes larvae/pupae were collected, of which 53.6% (4875) were from Awash Sebat, 29.5% (2687) from Awash Arba and 16.9% (1537) from Werer. Water-holding tyres harboured the highest number of Aedes larvae/pupae followed by water-storage drums. All the Aedes larvae/pupae reared to adults were morphologically identified as Aedes aegypti. The overall Container Index was 47.28%, House Index 18.19%, Breteau Index 59.94% and Pupal Index 171.94. Significant positive relations were observed in the occurrences of Ae. aegypti larvae/pupae with water-holding tyre (AOR = 15.89, CI = 3.55-71.09, p < 0.001), water storage drums (AOR = 19.84, CI = 4.64-84.89, p < 0.001), domestic habitat (AOR = 3.76, CI = 1.27-11.12, p = 0.017), and significant negative relations were observed with Ae. aegypti larvae/pupae occurrence and tap water source (AOR = 0.08, CI = 0.02-0.31, p = 0.001). Ae. aegypti larvae/pupae densities showed positive relations with dissolved oxygen (β = 0.523, p < 0.001) and total hardness (β = 0.475, p = 0.034) of water.

Conclusions: Diverse types of artificial water-holding containers were positive for Ae. aegypti larvae/pupae. Ae. aegypti larvae/pupae were abundant in used water-holding tyres, water storage drums, and cement tanks in Awash Sebat, Awash Arba, and Werer towns. This could  put the residents of the towns at high risk of infections with Ae. aegypti transmitted viral diseases such as chikungunya and dengue outbreaks. Thus, we recommend artificial water-holding container management as a strategy to control Ae. aegypti and hence the arboviral diseases transmission.

埃塞俄比亚南阿法尔地区埃及伊蚊(双翅目:幼虫科)幼虫的时空分布和栖息地特征。
背景:描述伊蚊幼虫的时空分布和栖息地特征对于控制伊蚊传播的病毒性疾病至关重要。本研究评估了埃塞俄比亚南阿法尔地区伊蚊幼虫的时空丰度和栖息地特征:从 2022 年 5 月到 2023 年 4 月,在南阿法尔地区的 Awash Sebat、Awash Arba 和 Werer 镇每月调查一次未成熟蚊子。幼虫和蛹的调查沿着现有的盛水容器进行。收集到的幼虫/蛹被饲养成成虫,并按物种/属进行形态鉴定。此外,还对栖息地的物理和化学特性进行了鉴定:结果:共收集到 9099 头伊蚊幼虫/蛹,其中 53.6%(4875 头)来自阿瓦士塞巴特,29.5%(2687 头)来自阿瓦士阿尔巴,16.9%(1537 头)来自韦勒。蓄水轮胎中伊蚊幼虫/蛹的数量最多,其次是蓄水桶。所有饲养成虫的伊蚊幼虫/蛹经形态鉴定均为埃及伊蚊。总体容器指数为 47.28%,房舍指数为 18.19%,布雷图指数为 59.94%,蛹指数为 171.94。埃及伊蚊幼虫/蛹的出现与蓄水轮胎有显著的正相关关系(AOR = 15.89,CI = 3.55-71.09,p):不同类型的人工盛水容器对埃及蚁幼虫/蛹均呈阳性反应。在阿瓦什-塞巴特、阿瓦什-阿尔巴和韦勒镇,埃及蚁幼虫/蛹大量存在于旧的盛水轮胎、储水桶和水泥罐中。这可能会使这些城镇的居民面临感染埃及蚁传播的病毒性疾病(如基孔肯雅病和登革热爆发)的高风险。因此,我们建议将人工蓄水容器管理作为控制埃及蚁进而控制虫媒病毒疾病传播的一种策略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Tropical Medicine and Health
Tropical Medicine and Health TROPICAL MEDICINE-
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
2.20%
发文量
90
审稿时长
11 weeks
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