Mitochondria-derived vesicles: potential nano-batteries to recharge the cellular powerhouse.

Shalini Mishra, Gagan Deep
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Mitochondria dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in various pathogenic processes. The mechanism governing mitochondrial quality control serves as an adaptive response, ensuring the preservation of mitochondrial morphology, quantity, and overall function, crucial for cell survival. The generation of mitochondria-derived vesicles (MDVs) is one of the processes of mitochondrial quality control. Recent literature has suggested MDV heterogeneity; however, the detailed characteristics of various MDV subtypes still need to be studied better. Recent studies have shown that MDVs also play a role in inter-organelle communication for mitochondria besides quality control. For instance, Hazan et al. demonstrated that functional mitochondria from Saccharomyces cerevisiae release vesicles independent of the fission machinery. These vesicles, falling within the typical size range of MDVs, were selectively loaded with mitochondrial proteins, especially with functional ATP synthase subunits. Intriguingly, these MDVs maintained membrane potential and could generate ATP. Moreover, MDVs could fuse with naïve mitochondria, transferring their ATP generation machinery. Lastly, this study revealed a potential delivery mechanism of ATP-producing vesicles, presenting a promising avenue to rejuvenate ATP-deficient mitochondria. Overall, this study unveils a novel mechanism for inter-organelle communication by vesicles, which is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis and could also be important in pathological conditions.

线粒体衍生囊泡:为细胞动力室充电的潜在纳米电池。
线粒体功能障碍越来越被认为是各种致病过程的关键因素。线粒体质量控制机制是一种适应性反应,可确保线粒体形态、数量和整体功能的保持,这对细胞存活至关重要。线粒体衍生囊泡(MDV)的生成是线粒体质量控制的过程之一。最近的文献表明 MDV 具有异质性,但各种 MDV 亚型的详细特征仍有待进一步研究。最近的研究表明,除了质量控制外,MDV 还在线粒体的细胞器间通讯中发挥作用。例如,Hazan 等人证实,酿酒酵母的功能线粒体会释放独立于裂变机制的囊泡。这些囊泡属于 MDV 的典型大小范围,选择性地装载了线粒体蛋白质,尤其是功能性 ATP 合成酶亚基。有趣的是,这些 MDVs 能保持膜电位并产生 ATP。此外,MDVs 还能与幼稚线粒体融合,转移其 ATP 生成机制。最后,这项研究揭示了产生 ATP 的囊泡的潜在传递机制,为 ATP 缺乏的线粒体的恢复提供了一条有希望的途径。总之,这项研究揭示了小泡进行细胞器间通讯的新机制,这种机制对维持细胞平衡至关重要,在病理情况下也很重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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CiteScore
4.10
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