{"title":"How to Optimize Goal-Directed Medical Therapy (GDMT) in Patients with Heart Failure.","authors":"Emily Newman, Chukwuemezie Kamanu, Gregory Gibson, Yevgeniy Brailovsky","doi":"10.1007/s11886-024-02101-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Heart failure is a clinical syndrome with signs and symptoms from underlying cardiac abnormality and evidence of pulmonary or systemic congestion on laboratory testing or other objective findings (Bozkurt et al. in Eur J Heart Fail 23:352-380, 2021). Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), when heart failure is due to underlying reduction in ejection fraction to <math><mo>≤</mo></math> 40. The goal of this review is to briefly describe the mechanisms and benefits of the various pharmacological interventions described in the 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guidelines focusing on Stage C: Symptomatic Heart Failure HFrEF, while providing basic guidance on safe use of these medications.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Use of medications from each class as recommended in the 2022 Guidelines can provide significant morbidity and mortality benefits for our patients. Despite advances in therapeutics for patients with HFrEF, patients are frequently under treated and more research is needed to help optimize management of these complicated patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":3,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Electronic Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11379751/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ACS Applied Electronic Materials","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-024-02101-x","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/8/2 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Purpose of review: Heart failure is a clinical syndrome with signs and symptoms from underlying cardiac abnormality and evidence of pulmonary or systemic congestion on laboratory testing or other objective findings (Bozkurt et al. in Eur J Heart Fail 23:352-380, 2021). Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), when heart failure is due to underlying reduction in ejection fraction to 40. The goal of this review is to briefly describe the mechanisms and benefits of the various pharmacological interventions described in the 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guidelines focusing on Stage C: Symptomatic Heart Failure HFrEF, while providing basic guidance on safe use of these medications.
Recent findings: Use of medications from each class as recommended in the 2022 Guidelines can provide significant morbidity and mortality benefits for our patients. Despite advances in therapeutics for patients with HFrEF, patients are frequently under treated and more research is needed to help optimize management of these complicated patients.