Seasonal Distribution, Characterization, Indexing and Risk Assessment of Micro- and Nanoplastics in Coastal Sediments: a Case Study from Istanbul

IF 2.6 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Ceyhun Akarsu, Vildan Zülal Sönmez, Nüket Sivri
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Abstract

Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NaPs) in coastal regions, particularly in sediments, have gained increasing attention. However, in Türkiye, research on sediment pollution by MPs and NaPs is still limited. To fill this knowledge gap, the distribution, composition, and ecological impact of MPs and NaPs were investigated for the first time in the literature over a one-year period at three sampling stations on the south coast of Istanbul. The average total particle concentration was 1364.17 ± 600.51 particles.kg−1 dw sediment. Most of the MPs detected in the sediments were in the form of fibers with a size of 100–250 µm and were black and transparent. The study found that NaPs accounted for only 17%, 13.8% and 11.8% of the particles collected at stations S1, S2 and S3, respectively. According to the FTIR results, polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate were the most abundant compared to polypropylene, polyamide and other polymers. The hazard index was classified as level V with a value of 17,261. This classification emphasizes the urgent need for further comprehensive studies on the risk assessment of MPs and NaPs. Scanning electron microscopy results showed microorganisms on the particle surface, indicating the MP-associated passing-through mechanism. Moreover, energy dispersive spectroscopy detected several unexpected elements such as Nb, Sr, Mo, Bi, Ta and Rn on MP and NaP surfaces. The results indicate that MP and NaP pollution in Istanbul’s coastal sediments may pose a major risk to the environment through the leaching of inherent/adsorbed elements and therefore requires future investigation.

Abstract Image

沿海沉积物中微塑料和纳米塑料的季节性分布、特征、索引和风险评估:伊斯坦布尔案例研究
沿海地区,尤其是沉积物中的微塑料(MPs)和纳米塑料(NaPs)越来越受到人们的关注。然而,在土耳其,有关 MPs 和 NaPs 对沉积物污染的研究仍然有限。为了填补这一知识空白,我们在伊斯坦布尔南海岸的三个采样站进行了为期一年的研究,首次在文献中对 MPs 和 NaPs 的分布、组成和生态影响进行了调查。平均颗粒物总浓度为 1364.17 ± 600.51 颗粒.kg-1(干重沉积物)。在沉积物中检测到的大多数 MPs 呈纤维状,大小为 100-250 µm,黑色透明。研究发现,在 S1、S2 和 S3 站采集到的颗粒中,NaPs 分别只占 17%、13.8% 和 11.8%。傅立叶变换红外光谱结果显示,聚乙烯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的含量最高,而聚丙烯、聚酰胺和其他聚合物的含量最低。危害指数被划分为 V 级,数值为 17 261。这一分级强调了进一步全面研究 MPs 和 NaPs 风险评估的紧迫性。扫描电子显微镜结果显示,颗粒表面存在微生物,这表明 MP 与通过机制有关。此外,能量色散光谱法在 MP 和 NaP 表面检测到了几种意想不到的元素,如 Nb、Sr、Mo、Bi、Ta 和 Rn。这些结果表明,伊斯坦布尔沿海沉积物中的 MP 和 NaP 污染可能会通过固有/吸附元素的沥滤作用对环境造成重大风险,因此需要在今后进行调查。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
104
审稿时长
1.7 months
期刊介绍: International Journal of Environmental Research is a multidisciplinary journal concerned with all aspects of environment. In pursuit of these, environmentalist disciplines are invited to contribute their knowledge and experience. International Journal of Environmental Research publishes original research papers, research notes and reviews across the broad field of environment. These include but are not limited to environmental science, environmental engineering, environmental management and planning and environmental design, urban and regional landscape design and natural disaster management. Thus high quality research papers or reviews dealing with any aspect of environment are welcomed. Papers may be theoretical, interpretative or experimental.
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