Drug-Induced Pigmentation: A Review.

IF 13 1区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY
Drugs Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-01 DOI:10.1007/s40265-024-02062-z
Aaron Tisack, Tasneem F Mohammad
{"title":"Drug-Induced Pigmentation: A Review.","authors":"Aaron Tisack, Tasneem F Mohammad","doi":"10.1007/s40265-024-02062-z","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug-induced pigmentation (DIP) is estimated to account for 20% of all cases of acquired hyperpigmentation. Over 50 agents have been implicated, including antibiotics, antimalarials, antiretrovirals, antipsychotics, prostaglandin analogs, heavy metals, and chemotherapeutic agents. The skin, mucosal surfaces, nails, and hair can all be affected, with the color, distribution, onset, and duration of pigmentation varying between offending agents. Both a thorough physical examination and medication history are necessary to determine the offending agent. In terms of mechanism, DIP occurs most frequently through the accumulation of melanin within the dermis but also by drug accumulation, pigment synthesis, and iron deposition. Photoprotection, including applying a broad-spectrum sunscreen, wearing photoprotective clothing, and seeking shade, plays an important role in the prevention of exacerbation of DIP. Multiple lasers, including the picosecond alexandrite, Q-switched Nd:YAG, Q-switched alexandrite, and Q-switched ruby lasers, have been successful in obtaining clearance of DIP. In this review, we examine the unique characteristics of each of the inciting agents in terms of incidence, clinical presentation, time to onset and resolution, and pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11482,"journal":{"name":"Drugs","volume":" ","pages":"1071-1091"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Drugs","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-024-02062-z","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/8/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Drug-induced pigmentation (DIP) is estimated to account for 20% of all cases of acquired hyperpigmentation. Over 50 agents have been implicated, including antibiotics, antimalarials, antiretrovirals, antipsychotics, prostaglandin analogs, heavy metals, and chemotherapeutic agents. The skin, mucosal surfaces, nails, and hair can all be affected, with the color, distribution, onset, and duration of pigmentation varying between offending agents. Both a thorough physical examination and medication history are necessary to determine the offending agent. In terms of mechanism, DIP occurs most frequently through the accumulation of melanin within the dermis but also by drug accumulation, pigment synthesis, and iron deposition. Photoprotection, including applying a broad-spectrum sunscreen, wearing photoprotective clothing, and seeking shade, plays an important role in the prevention of exacerbation of DIP. Multiple lasers, including the picosecond alexandrite, Q-switched Nd:YAG, Q-switched alexandrite, and Q-switched ruby lasers, have been successful in obtaining clearance of DIP. In this review, we examine the unique characteristics of each of the inciting agents in terms of incidence, clinical presentation, time to onset and resolution, and pathogenesis.

药物诱发的色素沉着:综述。
据估计,药物诱发的色素沉着(DIP)占所有获得性色素沉着病例的 20%。有 50 多种药物与之有关,包括抗生素、抗疟药、抗逆转录病毒药物、抗精神病药物、前列腺素类似物、重金属和化疗药物。皮肤、粘膜表面、指甲和毛发都可能受到影响,不同药物引起的色素沉着的颜色、分布、起始时间和持续时间各不相同。要确定病原体,必须进行全面的体格检查和了解用药史。就机理而言,DIP 最常通过黑色素在真皮内的积聚而发生,但也可通过药物积聚、色素合成和铁沉积而发生。光防护,包括涂抹广谱防晒霜、穿戴光防护服和寻找阴凉处,在预防 DIP 加剧方面发挥着重要作用。皮秒紫翠宝石激光、Q开关Nd:YAG激光、Q开关紫翠宝石激光和Q开关红宝石激光等多种激光已成功清除了DIP。在这篇综述中,我们将从发病率、临床表现、发病时间、缓解时间和发病机制等方面探讨每种诱发因素的独特性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Drugs
Drugs 医学-毒理学
CiteScore
22.70
自引率
0.90%
发文量
134
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Drugs is a journal that aims to enhance pharmacotherapy by publishing review and original research articles on key aspects of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. The journal includes: Leading/current opinion articles providing an overview of contentious or emerging issues. Definitive reviews of drugs and drug classes, and their place in disease management. Therapy in Practice articles including recommendations for specific clinical situations. High-quality, well designed, original clinical research. Adis Drug Evaluations reviewing the properties and place in therapy of both newer and established drugs. AdisInsight Reports summarising development at first global approval. Moreover, the journal offers additional digital features such as animated abstracts, video abstracts, instructional videos, and podcasts to increase visibility and educational value. Plain language summaries accompany articles to assist readers with some knowledge of the field in understanding important medical advances.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信