DXA beyond bone mineral density and the REMS technique: new insights for current radiologists practice.

IF 9.7 1区医学 Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING

Radiologia Medica Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-30 DOI:10.1007/s11547-024-01843-6

Carmelo Messina, Stefano Fusco, Silvia Gazzotti, Domenico Albano, Gloria Bonaccorsi, Giuseppe Guglielmi, Alberto Bazzocchi

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Abstract

Osteoporosis is the most prevalent skeletal disorder, a condition that is associated with significant social and healthcare burden. In the elderly, osteoporosis is commonly associated with sarcopenia, further increasing the risk of fracture. Several imaging techniques are available for a non-invasive evaluation of osteoporosis and sarcopenia. This review focuses on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), as this technique offers the possibility to evaluate bone mineral density and body composition parameters with good precision and accuracy. DXA is also able to evaluate the amount of aortic calcification for cardiovascular risk estimation. Additionally, new DXA-based parameters have been developed in recent years to further refine fracture risk estimation, such as the Trabecular Bone Score and the Bone Strain Index. Finally, we describe the recent advances of a newly developed ultrasound-based technology known as Radiofrequency Echographic Multi-Spectrometry, which represent the latest non-ionizing approach for osteoporosis evaluation at central sites.

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超越骨矿物质密度的 DXA 和 REMS 技术：对当前放射医师实践的新启示。

骨质疏松症是最常见的骨骼疾病，这种疾病带来了巨大的社会和医疗负担。在老年人中，骨质疏松症通常伴有肌肉疏松症，进一步增加了骨折的风险。目前有多种成像技术可用于对骨质疏松症和肌肉疏松症进行无创评估。本综述重点介绍双能 X 射线吸收测量法（DXA），因为该技术可精确、准确地评估骨矿物质密度和身体成分参数。DXA 还能评估主动脉钙化的程度，以估算心血管风险。此外，近年来还开发出了基于 DXA 的新参数，以进一步完善骨折风险评估，如骨小梁评分和骨应变指数。最后，我们将介绍一种新开发的基于超声波的技术--射频超声多谱勒技术--的最新进展，该技术代表了在中心部位进行骨质疏松症评估的最新非电离方法。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Radiologia Medica 医学-核医学

CiteScore

14.10

自引率

7.90%

发文量

133

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Felice Perussia founded La radiologia medica in 1914. It is a peer-reviewed journal and serves as the official journal of the Italian Society of Medical and Interventional Radiology (SIRM). The primary purpose of the journal is to disseminate information related to Radiology, especially advancements in diagnostic imaging and related disciplines. La radiologia medica welcomes original research on both fundamental and clinical aspects of modern radiology, with a particular focus on diagnostic and interventional imaging techniques. It also covers topics such as radiotherapy, nuclear medicine, radiobiology, health physics, and artificial intelligence in the context of clinical implications. The journal includes various types of contributions such as original articles, review articles, editorials, short reports, and letters to the editor. With an esteemed Editorial Board and a selection of insightful reports, the journal is an indispensable resource for radiologists and professionals in related fields. Ultimately, La radiologia medica aims to serve as a platform for international collaboration and knowledge sharing within the radiological community.