Chitosan in biomedicine: A comprehensive review of recent developments

Abstract

A naturally occurring biopolymer, chitosan has found widespread application in the fields of biomedical research and healthcare enhancement. Through a thorough analysis of recent research findings and technological advancements, this review seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest developments and potential uses of chitosan in the field of biomedicine. Microbe cells' anionic lipopolysaccharides and surface proteins interact with the polycationic composition, releasing intracellular components and resulting in cell death. The degree of antimicrobial activity is highly dependent on the particular type of microbe being targeted. Chitosan is highly susceptible to enzymatic hydrolytic breakdown pathways in the human body, especially when lysozymes are involved. Moreover, adding chitosan derivatives to mice's diet improved their health by increasing their enzymatic activity, which is related to its scavenging properties and shows anti-microbial activity. Furthermore, the assessment of sutures manufactured from this substance emphasizes their noteworthy input to the field of modern wound care.