Medicinal plants as a source of natural remedies in the management of diabetes

Zingisia Sitobo, Liberty Tinotenda Navhaya, Xolani Henry Makhoba
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Abstract

Diabetes is a severe chronic illness that has impacted thousands of individuals worldwide. It is caused by the body’s failure to produce insulin or insufficient production of insulin. While diabetes is not curable, it can be managed with injectable insulin, which decreases blood glucose levels. However, this treatment has several disadvantages that can affect a patient’s health, and it is often unaffordable for some individuals. Previous studies have suggested that phytochemicals can improve insulin sensitivity. Due to the presence of therapeutic phytochemicals in natural plants, medicinal plants emerge as potential candidates for treating diabetes. In addition, compared to conventional diabetes treatments, phytochemical treatment may be affordable for all diabetics and has fewer side effects. This review primarily focuses on the symptoms and treatment options for the four known types of diabetes: type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, type 3c diabetes mellitus, and neonatal diabetes. The article reviews medicinal plants that have been used to treat diabetes effectively with minimum side effects, such as Momordica charantia L., Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, and Ocimum tenuiflorum L., among others. In addition, some newly approved drugs, such as tirzepatide, sergliflozin, saxagliptin, and liraglutide, recommended for treating patients suffering from various forms of diabetes, are discussed.
药用植物作为治疗糖尿病的天然药物来源
糖尿病是一种严重的慢性疾病,影响着全世界成千上万的人。它是由人体无法产生胰岛素或胰岛素分泌不足引起的。虽然糖尿病无法治愈,但可以通过注射胰岛素来降低血糖水平。然而,这种治疗方法有几个缺点,可能会影响患者的健康,而且有些人往往负担不起。以往的研究表明,植物化学物质可以改善胰岛素敏感性。由于天然植物中含有具有治疗作用的植物化学物质,药用植物成为治疗糖尿病的潜在候选药物。此外,与传统的糖尿病治疗方法相比,植物化学疗法可能是所有糖尿病患者都能负担得起的,而且副作用较少。本综述主要关注四种已知类型糖尿病的症状和治疗方案:1 型糖尿病、2 型糖尿病、3c 型糖尿病和新生儿糖尿病。文章回顾了可用于有效治疗糖尿病且副作用最小的药用植物,如 Momordica charantia L.、Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels 和 Ocimum tenuiflorum L.等。此外,还讨论了一些新批准的药物,如替扎帕肽、舍格列嗪、沙格列汀和利拉鲁肽,建议用于治疗各种糖尿病患者。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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