Flower shape, size and color preferences of four pollinators (Insecta: Apidae) in selected areas of Dhaka city

Bangladesh Journal of Zoology Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI:10.3329/bjz.v52i1.74721

T. Akter, Jannatul Ferdous, S. Begum

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Abstract

The flower shape, size and color preferences of four bee species belonging to the family Apidae was observed. The observed species were Apis cerana Fabricius, Apis dorsata Fabricius, Apis florea Fabricius, and Xylocopa aestuans Linnaeus. The bees were observed and collected from two areas of Dhaka city- Curzon Hall and Ramna Park from February 2022 to December 2022. During the study period it was observed that the abundance of A. florea was the highest (about 35.18% of the total population) and X. aestuans was the least (about 10.26% of the total population). Preference over a particular size was an important attribute among pollinators. Flowers with mean diameter greater than 50 mm (Dahlia sp., Couroupita guianensis, Tagetes sp. Calendula officinalis, Mesua ferrea) were more visited by the pollinators. Flowers of different shapes were examined in the study and pollinators showed different preferences for different shaped flower. A. cerana mostly preferred rounded and rotate shaped flowers (Dahlia sp. 45% and C. sulphureus 41.16%). A.florea had a preference towards the star shaped flower (L.indica, 69.39%) followed by globe shaped flower (Tagetes sp., 50.70%). A. dorsata had a choice over trumpet shaped flower (Tecoma stans, 35.5%), followed by rounded shaped flower (Dahlia sp. 22%). X. aestuans had preferred orchid shaped flower the most (Bauhinia sp., 30.45%) followed by cruciate shaped flower (M. ferrea, 22.91%). Preference for any particular color was also examined in the study. Among them, A. cerana preferred the red color most (about 45% relative abundance in Dahlia sp.) followed by the color orange (about 41.16% relative abundance in C. sulphureus). A. dorsata preferred the yellow color the most (35.5% relative abundance in T. stans) followed by the color red (22% in Dahlia sp.). A. florea had a preference for color pink (69.39% in L. indica and 46.45% in C. guianensis) followed by the color orange (Tagetes sp., 51.61%). X. aestuans preferred the purple color most in the study (30.45% in Bauhinia sp.). The correlation between proboscis length of pollinators and different floral parameters of flowers were also investigated. The results showed that those parameters were not significantly correlated. Bangladesh J. Zool. 52(1): 27-37, 2024

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达卡市部分地区四种传粉昆虫（昆虫纲：蛛形纲）对花形、大小和颜色的偏好

观察了四种鳞翅目蜜蜂对花的形状、大小和颜色的偏好。观察到的蜂种分别是：Apis cerana Fabricius、Apis dorsata Fabricius、Apis florea Fabricius 和 Xylocopa aestuans Linnaeus。从 2022 年 2 月至 2022 年 12 月，在达卡市的两个地区--Curzon Hall 和 Ramna 公园--观察和采集了蜜蜂。在研究期间，观察到 A. florea 的数量最多（约占总数量的 35.18%），而 X. aestuans 的数量最少（约占总数量的 10.26%）。授粉昆虫对特定大小的偏好是一个重要特征。平均直径大于 50 毫米的花（Dahlia sp.、Couroupita guianensis、Tagetes sp.、Calendula officinalis、Mesua ferrea）更受传粉昆虫的青睐。研究中考察了不同形状的花朵，授粉昆虫对不同形状的花朵表现出不同的偏好。Cerana 大多喜欢圆形和旋转形的花（大丽花占 45%，硫华菊占 41.16%）。A.florea 喜欢星形花（L.indica，69.39%），其次是球形花（Tagetes sp.，50.70%）。A. dorsata 偏爱喇叭形花朵（Tecoma stans，35.5%），其次是圆形花朵（Dahlia sp.，22%）。X. aestuans 最喜欢兰花形的花朵（洋紫荆，30.45%），其次是十字形的花朵（M. ferrea，22.91%）。研究还考察了对任何特定颜色的偏好。其中， Cerana 最喜欢红色（在大丽花中的相对丰度约为 45%），其次是橙色（在硫华菊中的相对丰度约为 41.16%）。A. dorsata 最喜欢黄色（在 T. stans 中的相对丰度为 35.5%），其次是红色（在 Dahlia sp. 中的相对丰度为 22%）。A. florea 最喜欢粉红色（在 L. indica 中占 69.39%，在 C. guianensis 中占 46.45%），其次是橙色（在 Tagetes sp. 中占 51.61%）。在研究中，X. aestuans 最喜欢紫色（紫荆花，30.45%）。研究还调查了传粉昆虫的探针长度与花朵不同花色参数之间的相关性。结果表明，这些参数没有明显的相关性。52(1):27-37, 2024

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Bangladesh Journal of Zoology

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