Matúš Bielik, Martin Selvek, Magda Suchánková, Ivana Shawkatová
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objectives: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder caused by a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The main goal of our case-control study was to analyse the association of environmental factors with the odds of CD development in a sample of the Slovak population.
Methods: Data were collected from 1,226 respondents (534 CD patients and 692 controls) by a questionnaire. The impact of analysed parameters on the chance of disease development was assessed by multiple regression analysis and expressed as odds ratios (OR). Values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: In the patient group, celiac disease was significantly more prevalent in women than in men (OR = 1.52, p = 0.010). Respondents with a positive family history of CD showed 2.9-fold higher odds of CD compared to others (p < 0.001), and respondents with coexisting autoimmune diseases had 2.6-fold higher odds of CD (p < 0.001). Subjects who had taken antibiotics at least three times a year during childhood had 1.95-fold higher odds of developing CD compared to those who took them less frequently or not at all (p = 0.022). Conversely, individuals who were breastfed in infancy had lower odds of CD compared to non-breastfed respondents (OR = 0.53, p < 0.001). The mode of delivery (vaginal vs. caesarean section), overcoming severe infections, and the timing of gluten introduction in childhood did not show a statistically significant effect on the odds of developing CD.
Conclusion: Based on our data, being female, having a positive family history of CD, suffering from another autoimmune disease, and frequent use of antibiotics are factors associated with an increased chance of developing CD. On the other hand, breastfeeding in infancy seems to have a protective effect. Our findings highlight the importance of further research in understanding the complexities of this autoimmune condition and providing a foundation for prevention strategies.
期刊介绍：
The Journal publishes original articles on disease prevention and health protection, environmental impacts on health, the role of nutrition in health promotion, results of population health studies and critiques of specific health issues including intervention measures such as vaccination and its effectiveness. The review articles are targeted at providing up-to-date information in the sphere of public health. The Journal is geographically targeted at the European region but will accept specialised articles from foreign sources that contribute to public health issues also applicable to the European cultural milieu.
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