Is There a Relationship of Cortisol and Sex Steroid Hormones With Mental Health in Middle-Aged Adults? The FIT-AGEING Study

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Endocrine Practice Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.eprac.2024.07.009

Lourdes Herrera-Quintana PhD , Héctor Vázquez-Lorente PhD , Almudena Carneiro-Barrera PhD , Luis Gutiérrez-Rojas MD, PhD , Manuel J. Castillo MD, PhD , Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete MD, PhD

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Abstract

Objective

Mental health has emerged as a worldwide concern given the increasing incidence of anxiety and depression disorders in the last years. Cortisol and sex steroid hormones have been demonstrated to be important regulators of mental health processes in older adults. However, the evidence considering these integrated variables in apparently healthy middle-aged individuals has not been thoroughly addressed. The present study aimed to investigate the association of the plasma cortisol, testosterone, free testosterone, sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG), and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) levels with mental health in middle-aged adults.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included a cohort of 73 middle-aged adults aged 45 to 65 years (women, 53%). Plasma cortisol, testosterone, SHBG, and DHEAS were assessed using a competitive chemiluminescence immunoassay. Free testosterone was calculated from the total testosterone and SHBG. Self-reported depression severity, generic health-related quality of life, hope, satisfaction with life, and optimism-pessimism were evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, Adult Hope Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Life Orientation Test-Revised, respectively—with higher total scores of these scales indicating greater levels of these variables.

Results

The testosterone and free testosterone levels were inversely associated with the BDI-II values in men (all P ≤ .042). The cortisol levels were positively related with the Satisfaction with Life Scale scores, whereas the testosterone, free testosterone, SHBG, and DHEAS levels were negatively correlated with the BDI-II values in women (all P ≤ .045).

Conclusion

In summary, these results suggest that the increased levels of steroid hormones—within the normal values—are associated with better mental health in middle-aged adults.

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皮质醇和性类固醇激素与中年人的心理健康有关系吗？

目的：近年来，随着焦虑症和抑郁症发病率的上升，心理健康已成为全世界关注的问题。皮质醇和性类固醇激素已被证明是老年人心理健康过程的重要调节因素。然而，在表面健康的中年人身上考虑这些综合变量的证据还没有得到深入研究。本研究旨在调查中年人血浆皮质醇、睾酮、游离睾酮、性激素结合球蛋白（SHBG）和硫酸脱氢表雄酮（DHEAS）水平与心理健康的关系：这项横断面研究纳入了一组年龄在 45-65 岁之间的 73 名中年人（53% 为女性）。采用竞争性化学发光免疫测定法对血浆皮质醇、睾酮、SHBG 和 DHEAS 进行了评估。游离睾酮根据总睾酮和 SHBG 计算得出。使用贝克抑郁量表-II (BDI-II)、36 项短式健康调查、成人希望量表 (AHS)、生活满意度量表 (SWLS) 和生活取向测试修订版对自我报告的抑郁严重程度、一般健康相关生活质量、希望、生活满意度和乐观-悲观情绪进行了评估，这些量表的总分越高，表明这些变量的水平越高：结果：男性睾酮和游离睾酮水平与 BDI-II 值成反比（P 均小于 0.042）。皮质醇水平与 SWLS 评分呈正相关，而女性的睾酮、游离睾酮、SHBG 和 DHEAS 水平与 BDI-II 值呈负相关（均为 P≤0.045）：总之，这些结果表明，类固醇激素水平的提高（在正常值范围内）可能与中年人精神健康状况的改善有关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Endocrine Practice ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

2.40%

发文量

546

审稿时长

41 days

期刊介绍： Endocrine Practice (ISSN: 1530-891X), a peer-reviewed journal published twelve times a year, is the official journal of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE). The primary mission of Endocrine Practice is to enhance the health care of patients with endocrine diseases through continuing education of practicing endocrinologists.