Cost Analysis of Dropless Cataract Surgery Prophylaxis with Intracameral Antibiotics and Subconjunctival Steroids.

Abstract

Purpose: To determine whether dropless, injection-based cataract surgery prophylaxis with intracameral antibiotic and subconjunctival steroid may reduce healthcare system costs and patient out-of-pocket costs compared to topical medication regimens.

Setting: United States national medical expenditures database.

Design: Retrospective cost analysis.

Methods: Costs were analyzed for topical ophthalmics from the 2020 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) and for dropless medications from pharmaceutical invoices/catalogs. Main outcomes included system costs, from insurance and patient payments, and out-of-pocket costs for cataract surgery topical and dropless, injection-based prophylactic medication regimens, per eye and nationally. System costs for individual topical medications and same-class dropless, injection-based medications were compared using two-sided, one-sample t-tests.

Results: There were 583 prophylactic topical ophthalmic purchases in MEPS. Mean system costs per eye were $76.20 ± SD 39.07 for the lowest cost topical steroid (prednisolone) compared to $4.01 for the lowest cost subconjunctival steroid (triamcinolone acetonide) (p < 0.001). Per eye, the lowest cost dropless, injection-based regimen, at $15.91, results in an $87.99 (84.7%) reduction in overall healthcare costs and a $43.64 (100%) reduction in patient out-of-pocket costs relative to the lowest cost topical regimen ($103.90 ± 43.14 mean system cost and $43.64 ± 37.32 mean out-of-pocket cost per eye). Use of intracameral moxifloxacin and subconjunctival triamcinolone acetonide can reduce annual national healthcare system and out-of-pocket costs up to $450,000,000 and $225,000,000, respectively.

Conclusions: An evidence-based cataract surgery prophylactic medication regimen of intracameral moxifloxacin and subconjunctival triamcinolone acetonide can reduce healthcare system and patient out-of-pocket costs in comparison to various topical regimens.