Comprehension of Miranda warnings in adults with chronic, moderate-severe traumatic brain injury

Abstract

Introduction

To compare comprehension of Miranda rights in adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) versus adults without TBI as measured by response accuracy on the Miranda Right Comprehension Instruments.

Methods

Data were collected virtually via teleconferencing from July 2022 to February 2023. Participants included 25 adults with moderate-severe TBI (12 females, 13 males) and 25 adults without TBI (12 females, 13 males), ages 20-55 years. In this observational study, both groups (with and without TBI) completed the Miranda Right Comprehension Instruments (MRCI), which includes four instruments including Comprehension of Miranda Rights, Comprehension of Miranda Rights-Recognition, Function of Rights in Interrogation, Comprehension of Miranda Vocabulary instruments. Response accuracy on the MRCI was compared across groups.

Results

The TBI group was significantly less accurate when responding to questions on the MRCI compared to the NC group.

Conclusion

Individuals with chronic moderate-severe TBI underperform their non-injured peers on the Miranda Rights Comprehension Instruments, a tool used in legal settings when there is doubt about an individual's understanding of their Miranda rights. TBI is a risk factor for disruptions in comprehension of language in legal contexts that may, in part, contribute to the increased interaction with the criminal justice system and incarceration for individuals with TBI. Implications for policy, advocating, and intervention are discussed.