A state-of-art review on the sustainable technologies for cadmium removal from wastewater

IF 4.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Reuse Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI:10.2166/wrd.2024.143

Nur Hafizah Ab Hamid, Ahmad Ilyas Rushdan, Abu Hassan Nordin, Siti Muhamad Nur Husna, Mohd Nor Faiz Norrrahim, V. F. Knight, Muhamad Iqbal Hakim Mohd Tahir, Gan Xin Li, Tan Lin Quan, Abdirashid Mohamed Abdullah, Nuh Farhan Tajul Azwa, M. R. M. Asyraf

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Abstract

Cadmium pollution in wastewater has long become a daunting issue because of the rapid development of industries and modern technologies, exposure to cadmium has a significant effect on human health. Thus, it is crucial to treat wastewater, this review aims to discuss and compare different treatments for cadmium in wastewater such as precipitation, coagulation, flotation, membrane filtration, biosorption, and carbon-based nanosorbent. The advances in the development of the current treatments of cadmium in wastewater represent some of the most significant milestones in the treatment strategies with most treatments showing almost complete removal of cadmium wastewater and promising reusability. However, it still possesses certain limitations which further elaborated to give insights into the future development of better treatments. Finally, future direction to address the issue of cadmium pollution was presented to pave the way for the development of more eco-friendly treatments.

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废水中镉去除可持续技术的最新进展综述

由于工业和现代技术的快速发展，废水中的镉污染早已成为一个令人生畏的问题，接触镉对人体健康有重大影响。因此，处理废水至关重要，本综述旨在讨论和比较不同的废水镉处理方法，如沉淀、混凝、气浮、膜过滤、生物吸附和碳基纳米吸附剂。目前废水中镉处理方法的发展是处理策略中最重要的里程碑，大多数处理方法几乎能完全去除废水中的镉，并具有良好的再利用性。然而，这些技术仍然存在一定的局限性，我们将进一步阐述这些局限性，以便为今后开发更好的处理方法提供启示。最后，介绍了解决镉污染问题的未来方向，为开发更环保的处理方法铺平了道路。

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