Analysing Growth Trend, Profitability and Resource Use Efficiency of Summer Mungbean in Eastern Haryana

Abstract

Background: Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] is the most extensively sown crop among commonly produced Asiatic Vignas, viz., urdbean, mungbean, mothbean, ricebean and azukibean. In Haryana, the crop covered 28.5 thousand ha area with annual production of 19.6 thousand tonnes having productivity of 688 kg ha-1 in 2020-21. To prevent the perils of mono-cropping (paddy-wheat system) in the state, there is a need for deep transformation through inclusion of pulses like summer mungbean, in the existing cropping system. Hence, the present investigation critically examines the growth trends, economics and efficiency of resource use in summer mungbean cultivation in eastern zone of the state. Methods: This study uses both primary and secondary source of data. The primary data was collated from 80 summer mungbean growers using multi-stage random sampling technique. The secondary data was retrieved from various published and unpublished sources for a period of 30 years from 1991-92 to 2020-21. For measuring the growth trends and instability in the area, production and productivity of mungbean, compound annual growth rate (CAGR) and Cuddy-Della Valle index (CDVI) were computed. Simple budgeting technique was employed for calculating the economics of summer mungbean. For resource use efficiency, Cobb-Douglas production function was used. Result: The results show a positively significant growth rate in mungbean area, production and productivity but with irregular trends. The instability in mungbean production is more pronounced in Haryana than India and is mainly attributed to area instability, while it is because of productivity instability at the country level. The mungbean is a profitable enterprise in summer season as the net returns realized to the tune of ₹ 26024 ha-1 with benefit-cost ratio of 1.43 in the study area. Further, the efficiency of resourceuse in summer mungbean exhibits increasing returns to scale. Hence, the inclusion of mungbean cultivation in summer season is profitable.