Residue Retention and Potassium Nitrate Improvise the Yield and Economics of Wheat Crop

M. Jaidka, Amandeep Singh Brar
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Abstract

The experiment was conducted during rabi (October, 2021-April, 2022) season at farmers’ field in the NICRA adopted village Meenia, District Moga, Punjab to check the integrated effect of crop residue management practices and KNO3 spray on the productivity of wheat crop. The trial was replicated four times with eight treatments viz., conventional sowing by residue burning, conventional sowing by residue burning fb foliar spray of KNO3 (2%) at heading and anthesis stage, sowing of wheat with happy seeder, sowing of wheat with happy seeder fb foliar spray of KNO3 (2%) at heading and anthesis stage, sowing of wheat with surface seeding, sowing of wheat with surface seeding fb foliar spray of KNO3 (2%) at heading and anthesis stage, sowing of wheat after incorporation of paddy straw, sowing of wheat after incorporation of paddy straw fb foliar spray of KNO3 (2%) at heading and anthesis stage. Results showed that surface seeding fb KNO3 spray, happy seeder technology fb KNO3 spray recorded significantly higher 1000 grain weight than conventional tillage. Surface seeding and KNO3 spray recorded highest grain yield (4.91 t ha-1) followed by happy seeder and KNO3 spray (4.84 t ha-1). A synergistic effect between CRM technologies and foliar application of KNO3 was recorded where they resulted in 16.65 (4.84 t ha-1), 18.34 (4.91 t ha-1) and 5.38% higher grain yield in comparison to conventional sowing (4.15 t ha-1). A highly significant positive correlation (r=0.449) was recorded between number of grains ear-1 and grain yield. Surface seeding and happy seeder technology significantly increased net returns and B:C of wheat crop than conventional practices.
残留物保留和硝酸钾可提高小麦产量和经济效益
该试验于 2021 年 10 月至 2022 年 4 月的雨季期间在旁遮普省莫加区 Meenia 村 NICRA 采用的农民田间进行,以检验作物残留物管理方法和 KNO3 喷雾剂对小麦作物产量的综合影响。试验重复了四次,共有八个处理,即常规焚烧残留物播种;常规焚烧残留物播种,同时在小麦生长期和开花期叶面喷洒 2% 的 KNO3;使用快乐播种机播种小麦;使用快乐播种机播种小麦,同时在小麦生长期和开花期叶面喷洒 2% 的 KNO3、在小麦抽穗期和开花期,采用表层播种法播种小麦;在小麦抽穗期和开花期,采用表层播种法播种小麦,同时叶面喷施 2%的 KNO3;在小麦抽穗期和开花期,采用掺入稻草的播种法播种小麦;在小麦抽穗期和开花期,采用掺入稻草的播种法播种小麦,同时叶面喷施 2%的 KNO3。结果表明,喷施 KNO3 的表层播种、喷施 KNO3 的快乐播种机技术的千粒重明显高于传统耕作。地表播种和喷施 KNO3 的谷物产量最高(4.91 吨/公顷-1),其次是快乐播种机和喷施 KNO3 的谷物产量(4.84 吨/公顷-1)。与传统播种(4.15 吨/公顷)相比,CRM 技术与叶面喷施 KNO3 的协同效应分别使谷物产量提高了 16.65(4.84 吨/公顷)、18.34(4.91 吨/公顷)和 5.38%。穗粒数-1 与谷物产量之间存在非常明显的正相关(r=0.449)。与传统方法相比,露地播种和快乐播种机技术大大提高了小麦作物的净收益和 B:C 值。
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