End products of glycation (AGEs) and inflammation in the clinic of cardiovascular complications and vascular calcification at different stages of chronic kidney disease (G1–G5D)

Abstract

Aim. To clarify the role of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and inflammation in the development of vascular calcification and cardiovascular complications at different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) G1–G5D. Materials and methods. We examined 105 patients aged 19 to 75 years with stage C1–C5D CKD, 77 (74%) of whom were patients with diabetic nephropathy. The concentration of AGEs, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), troponin I, parathyroid hormone was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using kits from BluGene biotech (Shanghai, China), Cloud-Clone Corp. (USA), ELISA Kit (Biomedica, Austria). Results. A high content of AGEs, IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α was established, which directly correlated with the increase in renal failure and changes in the morpho-functional parameters of the left ventricle and aorta. Conclusion. An increase in serum concentrations of AGEs and inflammatory mediators, correlating with a decrease in renal function and changes in the morpho- functional parameters of the left ventricle and aorta, indicate their significant role in the processes of damage to the cardiovascular system in CKD.