Physicochemical Analysis of Groundwater Quality of Some Selected Villages of Tosham Region

Abstract

To evaluate the groundwater quality of the Tosham area of the Bhiwani district in the Indian state of Haryana, a comprehensive study has been conducted. Eleven physicochemical parameters, including pH, electrical conductivity, total alkalinity, total hardness, total dissolved solids, calcium, magnesium, fluoride, chloride, nitrate, and sulphate, were analysed on 600 groundwater samples that were collected over the course of different seasons from ten selected villages. Various physicochemical parameters, including pH, total alkalinity, total hardness, total dissolved solids, calcium, magnesium, fluoride, chloride, nitrate, and sulphate, are found to be higher than the desirable limits suggested by the ICMR, according to analytical data of some groundwater samples from the study areas. Groundwater quality parameters show that some sampling stations groundwater samples are highly unfit for human consumption due to high levels of total alkalinity, total hardness, total dissolved solids, calcium, magnesium, fluoride, and chloride. As a result, appropriate recommendations for improving the groundwater quality have been made