Wind Farms’ Location and Geographical Proximity as a Key Factor in Sustainable City Development: Evidence from Poland

Energies Pub Date : 2024-07-13 DOI:10.3390/en17143447

P. Zarębski, Dominik Katarzyński, Hanna Godlewska-Majkowska, A. Komor, A. Gawryluk

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Abstract

In this study, the potential impact of wind farm locations on the sustainable development of cities in Poland was evaluated, considering the availability of wind-generated electricity. We analyzed 37 cities in Poland with populations over 100,000. Research indicates that wind farms located 30–80 km from large cities perform best in terms of generating capacity, while greater distances increase transmission costs and energy losses. In Poland, wind farms are primarily situated in the northwestern regions, posing challenges for energy transmission to the southern cities, which are the main centers of energy consumption. The findings show that wind farms with the highest generating capacity are generally about 50 km from major cities. Key factors influencing wind farm locations include technical criteria, economic feasibility, environmental impact, public opinion, and the availability of transmission networks. Sustainable development of wind farms requires strategic cooperation between urban and rural municipalities, joint spatial planning, coordinated land acquisition, and the exchange of know-how.

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风电场的位置和地理距离是城市可持续发展的关键因素：来自波兰的证据

在这项研究中，考虑到风力发电的可用性，我们评估了风力发电场选址对波兰城市可持续发展的潜在影响。我们分析了波兰 37 个人口超过 10 万的城市。研究表明，距离大城市 30-80 公里的风力发电场发电能力最佳，而更远的距离则会增加输电成本和能源损耗。在波兰，风电场主要位于西北部地区，这给向作为主要能源消费中心的南部城市输送能源带来了挑战。研究结果表明，发电能力最高的风电场一般距离主要城市约 50 公里。影响风电场选址的关键因素包括技术标准、经济可行性、环境影响、公众舆论以及输电网络的可用性。风力发电场的可持续发展需要城市和农村市政当局之间的战略合作、联合空间规划、协调土地征用和技术交流。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Energies

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