A multimodal approach to diagnosis of neuromuscular neosporosis in dogs

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI:10.1111/jvim.17145

Vanessa Alf, Federica Tirrito, Andrea Fischer, Rodolfo Cappello, Anna-Mariam Kiviranta, Tanja A. Steinberg, Federica Poli, Felix Stotz, Omar V. Del Vecchio, Stefanie Dörfelt, Cristian Falzone, André Knittel, Shenja Loderstedt, Edy Mercuriali, Joana Tabanez, Paolo Zagarella, Kaspar Matiasek, Marco Rosati

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Early diagnosis of neosporosis in dogs is challenging.

Objectives

To evaluate the feasibility of a compound multimodal testing approach for diagnosing in dogs neuromuscular and combined forms of neosporosis.

Animals

A total of 16 dogs diagnosed with solely neuromuscular neosporosis or with a combination of neuromuscular and central nervous system neosporosis.

Methods

Retrospective review of clinical signs, laboratory findings, treatment, and outcome with focus on the diagnostic utility of different tests. Development of a chromogenic in situ hybridization (ISH) assay for the identification of Neospora caninum in paraffin-embedded muscle samples.

Results

13/16 dogs had only neuromuscular signs of neosporosis, 3/16 had disease signs with concomitant central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Serology was performed in 15/16, with 10/15 showing titers >1 : 160 at admission. PCR on muscle samples detected N. caninum DNA in 11/16. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) detected N. caninum in 9/16 and ISH in 9/16. Histopathology revealed inflammatory myopathy in 10/16, necrotizing myopathy in 5/16, borderline changes in 1/16 and tachyzoites in 9/16. In 4 cases, N. caninum infection was confirmed with all 5 diagnostic methods, 3 cases with 4, 2 with 3, 6 with 2, and 1 animal with 1.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Diagnosis of N. caninum infection should rely on a multimodal diagnostic approach and negativity of 1 single test should not allow for exclusion. Serology in combination with direct parasite identification via histopathology, DNA via PCR, or both modalities, appears a reliable diagnostic approach.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

犬神经肌肉新孢子菌病的多模式诊断方法。

背景：狗新孢子虫病的早期诊断具有挑战性：评估采用复合多模态检测方法诊断犬神经肌肉新孢子菌病和混合型新孢子菌病的可行性：方法：回顾性检查犬的临床症状、体征、血清学指标、血清中性粒细胞数、血清中性粒细胞数、血清中性粒细胞数、血清中性粒细胞数、血清中性粒细胞数、血清中性粒细胞数和血清中性粒细胞数：方法：对临床症状、实验室检查结果、治疗和预后进行回顾性分析，重点分析不同检测方法的诊断作用。在石蜡包埋的肌肉样本中开发一种原位杂交（ISH）显色测定法，用于鉴定犬新孢子虫：结果：13/16 的狗仅有神经肌肉方面的新孢子虫病症状，3/16 的狗有伴随中枢神经系统（CNS）受累的疾病症状。对 15/16 条狗进行了血清学检查，其中 10/15 条狗的滴度大于 1 ：160。对肌肉样本进行 PCR 检测，在 11/16 例患者中检测到 N. caninum DNA。免疫组化（IHC）在 9/16 例中检测到犬黑线虫，在 9/16 例中检测到 ISH。组织病理学检查显示，10/16 例患者出现炎性肌病，5/16 例患者出现坏死性肌病，1/16 例患者出现边缘性变化，9/16 例患者出现快速虫。在 4 个病例中，用所有 5 种诊断方法都确诊了犬黑线虫感染，3 个病例用 4 种诊断方法确诊，2 个病例用 3 种诊断方法确诊，6 个病例用 2 种诊断方法确诊，1 个病例用 1 种诊断方法确诊：N.caninum感染的诊断应依靠多模式诊断方法，单一检测方法的阴性结果不能作为排除诊断的依据。血清学与通过组织病理学直接鉴定寄生虫、通过 PCR 鉴定 DNA 或两种方法相结合，似乎是一种可靠的诊断方法。

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来源期刊

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

11.50%

发文量

243

审稿时长

22 weeks

期刊介绍： The mission of the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine is to advance veterinary medical knowledge and improve the lives of animals by publication of authoritative scientific articles of animal diseases.