Predictive associations of executive functions and oppositional defiant problems and obsessive-compulsive problems in preschoolers.

IF 1.6 3区 心理学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Denisa-Elena Zevedei, Eva Penelo, J Blas Navarro, Núria de la Osa, Lourdes Ezpeleta
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Abstract

Oppositional defiant problems (ODP) and obsessive-compulsive problems (OCP) may co-occur in children, though the way they interact is not known. The aim of the study was to examine longitudinal associations between executive functions at age 3 and ODP, ODP dimensions, and OCP at age 6. The sample consisted of 622 preschoolers (50% were boys) from the general population. Executive functions were assessed by teachers using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning - Preschool version questionnaire when children were 3 years old, and ODP and OCP were informed by parents and teachers at the age of 6 years. Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that higher Inhibit and Emotional Control and lower Shift deficits were associated with higher ODP reported by teachers, while higher Shift but lower Inhibit deficits were related to higher OCP. Moreover, ODP and OCP shared difficulties on the Flexibility Index, which means that the capacity to modulate emotions and behavior according to contextual and environmental demands is compromised in both disorders. The findings inform etiology and prevention, pointing out not only the executive function specificities related to each problem, but also common cognitive challenges related to Flexibility. Young children could benefit from training and programs designed to improve executive function processes at an early age to prevent later behavioral difficulties.

学龄前儿童执行功能与对立违抗问题和强迫症问题的预测关联。
儿童的对立违抗问题(ODP)和强迫问题(OCP)可能同时存在,但它们之间的相互作用方式尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨 3 岁时的执行功能与 6 岁时的 ODP、ODP 维度和 OCP 之间的纵向联系。样本包括 622 名来自普通人群的学龄前儿童(50% 为男孩)。执行功能由教师在儿童 3 岁时使用 "执行功能行为评级量表--学前版 "问卷进行评估,而 ODP 和 OCP 则由家长和教师在儿童 6 岁时提供信息。多元线性回归分析表明,较高的抑制和情绪控制能力以及较低的移位能力缺陷与教师报告的较高的ODP相关,而较高的移位能力但较低的抑制能力缺陷与较高的OCP相关。此外,ODP 和 OCP 在灵活性指数(Flexibility Index)方面存在共同的困难,这意味着这两种障碍都会影响根据情境和环境需求调节情绪和行为的能力。研究结果为病因学和预防提供了参考,不仅指出了与每种问题相关的执行功能特异性,还指出了与灵活性相关的共同认知挑战。幼儿可以从旨在改善早期执行功能过程的培训和计划中获益,以防止日后出现行为障碍。
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来源期刊
Child Neuropsychology
Child Neuropsychology 医学-临床神经学
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
9.10%
发文量
71
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The purposes of Child Neuropsychology are to: publish research on the neuropsychological effects of disorders which affect brain functioning in children and adolescents, publish research on the neuropsychological dimensions of development in childhood and adolescence and promote the integration of theory, method and research findings in child/developmental neuropsychology. The primary emphasis of Child Neuropsychology is to publish original empirical research. Theoretical and methodological papers and theoretically relevant case studies are welcome. Critical reviews of topics pertinent to child/developmental neuropsychology are encouraged. Emphases of interest include the following: information processing mechanisms; the impact of injury or disease on neuropsychological functioning; behavioral cognitive and pharmacological approaches to treatment/intervention; psychosocial correlates of neuropsychological dysfunction; definitive normative, reliability, and validity studies of psychometric and other procedures used in the neuropsychological assessment of children and adolescents. Articles on both normal and dysfunctional development that are relevant to the aforementioned dimensions are welcome. Multiple approaches (e.g., basic, applied, clinical) and multiple methodologies (e.g., cross-sectional, longitudinal, experimental, multivariate, correlational) are appropriate. Books, media, and software reviews will be published.
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