Nima Zeinali, Vahid Mahmoudzadeh, Alireza Anarjani, Mohammad Ebrahimnejad, Bahman Yousefi, Amir Valizadeh
{"title":"Thymoquinone Increases the Sensitivity of SW-480 Colon Cancer Cells to 5-Fluorouracil.","authors":"Nima Zeinali, Vahid Mahmoudzadeh, Alireza Anarjani, Mohammad Ebrahimnejad, Bahman Yousefi, Amir Valizadeh","doi":"10.1155/2024/6231095","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Studies have concentrated on the therapeutic potential of thymoquinone (TQ), a natural polyphenol, in diverse malignancies, such as colorectal cancer. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms of TQ-mediated anticancer properties are not yet fully elucidated. <b>Objective:</b> The present study has been designed to scrutinize the impact of TQ on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-mediated apoptosis in SW-480 cells. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> SW-480 cells were treated with TQ, 5-FU, and a combination of TQ + 5-FU. MTT assay was employed to assess cell viability. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied to evaluate apoptotic markers comprising Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-9 expression levels. The <i>γ</i>-H2AX protein expression was assessed by western blotting, and Annexin V flow cytometry was implemented to determine the apoptosis rate. <b>Results:</b> 5-FU significantly reversed the cell proliferation in a dose-dependent circumstance. The concurrent administration of TQ and 5-FU led to a substantial inhibition of cell growth in comparison to single treatments (<i>p</i> < 0.05). TQ also facilitated apoptosis via upregulating Bax and caspase-9 proapoptotic markers and suppressing antiapoptotic mediators, like Bcl-2. In addition, TQ augmented 5-FU-induced apoptosis in SW-480 cells. 5-FU, combined with TQ, increased the protein expression of <i>γ</i>-H2AX in SW-480 cells compared with groups treated with TQ and 5-FU alone. <b>Conclusion:</b> The present study's findings unveil the significance of TQ as a potential therapeutic substance in colorectal cancer, particularly through enhancing 5-FU-induced apoptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6231095"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11251801/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"BioMed Research International","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/6231095","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Studies have concentrated on the therapeutic potential of thymoquinone (TQ), a natural polyphenol, in diverse malignancies, such as colorectal cancer. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms of TQ-mediated anticancer properties are not yet fully elucidated. Objective: The present study has been designed to scrutinize the impact of TQ on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-mediated apoptosis in SW-480 cells. Materials and Methods: SW-480 cells were treated with TQ, 5-FU, and a combination of TQ + 5-FU. MTT assay was employed to assess cell viability. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied to evaluate apoptotic markers comprising Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-9 expression levels. The γ-H2AX protein expression was assessed by western blotting, and Annexin V flow cytometry was implemented to determine the apoptosis rate. Results: 5-FU significantly reversed the cell proliferation in a dose-dependent circumstance. The concurrent administration of TQ and 5-FU led to a substantial inhibition of cell growth in comparison to single treatments (p < 0.05). TQ also facilitated apoptosis via upregulating Bax and caspase-9 proapoptotic markers and suppressing antiapoptotic mediators, like Bcl-2. In addition, TQ augmented 5-FU-induced apoptosis in SW-480 cells. 5-FU, combined with TQ, increased the protein expression of γ-H2AX in SW-480 cells compared with groups treated with TQ and 5-FU alone. Conclusion: The present study's findings unveil the significance of TQ as a potential therapeutic substance in colorectal cancer, particularly through enhancing 5-FU-induced apoptosis.
期刊介绍:
BioMed Research International is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies covering a wide range of subjects in life sciences and medicine. The journal is divided into 55 subject areas.