Morphology-based genetic diversity analysis reveals introgressive hybridizations obscure species boundaries of three wild roses endemic to Taiwan Island

IF 2.4 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Cheng Zhang, Shi-Qi Li, Liang-Ying Li, Xin-Fen Gao
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Interspecific hybridization in the genus Rosa (Rosaceae) is a common natural phenomenon. Hybrids often exhibit heterosis and new combinations of traits, which can provide raw materials for horticultural breeding. DNA barcodes and microsatellites have been proposed to facilitate species discrimination and hybrid detection. However, most SSR markers developed for roses have been found unapplicable to Rosa sect. Synstylae because of null alleles or failed amplification. In this study, we designed 15 pairs of microsatellite primers, along with four previously developed primers specifically for Rosa sect. Synstylae; we then analyzed 174 individuals of three closely related and sympatrically distributed Rosa species as a test case to evaluate the consistency between morphological and genetic hybrid identifications and to compare the discrimination efficiency of the DNA barcodes versus SSRs in detecting admixture. Principle coordinate analysis identified several individuals with intermediate phenotypes among the three rose species. Hybridization, intraspecific morphological polymorphism, and sample collection at different growth stages or phenological phases may have hindered species identification based on morphology and distorted the morphological clustering results. The molecular analyses showed that 12 (6.8%), 13 (7.4%), and 15 (8.6%) individuals were identified as admixed by STRUCTURE, NewHybrids, and nrITS sequences, respectively, of which only seven hybrids showed signs of admixture across all three methods. About 81% of the morphologically identifiable hybrids exhibited admixture based on SSRs. Meanwhile, approximately 69% of morphologically identifiable hybrids were detected, but four morphologically pure species individuals were identified as genetically admixed based on nrITS sequences. Some morphologically pure species individuals were genetically identified as hybrids while some morphological hybrids were identified as pure individuals based on certain molecular markers. Overall, EST-SSRs discriminated morphological hybrids more accurately than nrITS. We inferred that there is ongoing interspecific gene exchange among the three wild Rosa species that obscures morphospecies boundaries. Combining multiple data types and analytical approaches offers powerful utility for hybrid detection, regardless of the level of hybridization.

Abstract Image

基于形态学的遗传多样性分析揭示内源杂交模糊了台湾岛特有的三种野玫瑰的物种界限
蔷薇(蔷薇科)种间杂交是一种常见的自然现象。杂交种往往表现出异质性和新的性状组合,可为园艺育种提供原材料。DNA 条形码和微卫星已被提出用于促进物种鉴别和杂交种检测。然而,大多数为玫瑰开发的 SSR 标记都发现不适用于蔷薇科。然而,由于等位基因无效或扩增失败,大多数为玫瑰开发的 SSR 标记都不适用于蔷薇科。在本研究中,我们设计了 15 对微卫星引物,以及之前开发的 4 个专门用于蔷薇科的引物。然后,我们分析了三个亲缘关系密切且同域分布的蔷薇物种的 174 个个体,以评估形态学和遗传学杂交鉴定的一致性,并比较 DNA 条形码和 SSR 在检测混交方面的鉴别效率。主坐标分析确定了三个蔷薇物种中具有中间表型的几个个体。杂交、种内形态多态性以及在不同生长阶段或物候期采集样本可能会阻碍根据形态鉴定物种,并扭曲形态聚类结果。分子分析表明,通过 STRUCTURE、NewHybrids 和 nrITS 序列鉴定的混交个体分别为 12 个(6.8%)、13 个(7.4%)和 15 个(8.6%),其中只有 7 个混交个体在三种方法中都有混交迹象。根据 SSR,约 81% 在形态上可识别的杂交种表现出混交。同时,根据 nrITS 序列,约 69% 的形态学上可识别的杂交种被检测到,但有 4 个形态学上的纯种个体被鉴定为基因掺杂。一些形态学上的纯种个体在遗传学上被鉴定为杂交种,而一些形态学上的杂交种则根据某些分子标记被鉴定为纯种个体。总体而言,EST-SSRs 对形态杂交种的鉴别比 nrITS 更准确。我们推断,三个野生蔷薇物种之间正在进行种间基因交换,从而模糊了形态种的界限。无论杂交程度如何,结合多种数据类型和分析方法都能为杂交检测提供强大的效用。
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来源期刊
Horticulture Environment and Biotechnology
Horticulture Environment and Biotechnology Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Horticulture
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
4.20%
发文量
0
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology (HEB) is the official journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science, was launched in 1965 as the "Journal of Korean Society for Horticultural Science". HEB is an international journal, published in English, bimonthly on the last day of even number months, and indexed in Biosys Preview, SCIE, and CABI. The journal is devoted for the publication of original research papers and review articles related to vegetables, fruits, ornamental and herbal plants, and covers all aspects of physiology, molecular biology, biotechnology, protected cultivation, postharvest technology, and research in plants related to environment.
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