Emergence of Capnocytophaga canimorsus and Capnocytophaga cynodegmi in oral cavities of newborn puppies, a pilot study.

IF 1.9 2区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES
Kristiina Suominen, Silja Åvall-Jääskeläinen, Inka Sallinen, Anna-Maija Virtala, Joanna Koort
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Abstract

Capnocytophaga canimorsus and Capnocytophaga cynodegmi are commensal bacteria in the oral cavities of dogs. Both are zoonotic pathogens that could infect humans via dog bites. C. canimorsus may cause life-threatening infections in humans, whereas C. cynodegmi infections tend to be milder and more localized. Capsular serovars A-C of C. canimorsus seem to be virulence-associated. Some of the C. canimorsus serovars described to date can also be detected in other Capnocytophaga species, including C. cynodegmi. The objective of this pilot study was to investigate the emergence of C. canimorsus and C. cynodegmi after birth in oral cavities of puppies and to evaluate the impact of the dam's Capnocytophaga spp. carrier status on the emergence. Ten litters, altogether 59 puppies, were included in the study. The puppies and their dams were sampled at five time points over seven weeks after whelping. Oral swab samples taken were investigated for the presence of C. canimorsus and C. cynodegmi by species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the specificity of which was verified by sequencing a selection of the PCR products. Samples that were positive in Capnocytophaga PCR reactions were also capsular-typed by PCR to gain more knowledge about the Capnocytophaga spp. present in the samples. Altogether 10.2% and 11.9% of puppies, or 20.0% and 30.0% of litters tested PCR-positive for C. canimorsus and C. cynodegmi, respectively. Capnocytophaga PCR-positive puppy samples were always positive for only C. cynodegmi or C. canimorsus, not both. Most Capnocytophaga PCR-positive puppies became positive at the age of 5 to 7 weeks. Only a minority (5/16) of the C. cynodegmi PCR-positive dog samples were positive in capsular typing PCR, whereas all C. canimorsus PCR-positive dog samples were negative in capsular typing PCR. For all Capnocytophaga PCR-positive puppies, their dam was positive for the same Capnocytophaga species. These results suggest that puppies become colonized by C. cynodegmi or C. canimorsus from their dams at the time of deciduous teeth eruption.

新生幼犬口腔中出现的 Capnocytophaga canimorsus 和 Capnocytophaga cynodegmi,一项试验性研究。
Capnocytophaga canimorsus 和 Capnocytophaga cynodegmi 是狗口腔中的共生细菌。这两种细菌都是人畜共患的病原体,可通过狗咬伤感染人类。C.canimorsus可能会对人类造成危及生命的感染,而C.cynodegmi的感染往往比较轻微,而且更局限于局部。C.canimorsus的A-C囊血清型似乎与毒力有关。迄今描述的一些 C. canimorsus 血清型也能在其他 Capnocytophaga 种类(包括 C. cynodegmi)中检测到。这项试验性研究的目的是调查幼犬出生后口腔中出现的 C. canimorsus 和 C. cynodegmi 的情况,并评估母犬的 Capnocytophaga spp.研究共包括 10 窝,共 59 只幼犬。在产后七周内的五个时间点对幼犬及其母犬进行采样。口腔拭子样本通过物种特异性聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检测是否存在卡尼莫氏菌和犬毛囊虫,并对部分 PCR 产物进行测序以验证其特异性。对 Capnocytophaga PCR 反应呈阳性的样本也进行了 PCR 鉴定,以进一步了解样本中存在的 Capnocytophaga 种属。分别有 10.2% 和 11.9% 的幼犬或 20.0% 和 30.0% 的幼仔在 C. canimorsus 和 C. cynodegmi 的 PCR 检测中呈阳性。Capnocytophaga PCR 阳性的幼犬样本总是只对 Cynodegmi 或 C. canimorsus 呈阳性,而不是两者都呈阳性。大多数 Capnocytophaga PCR 阳性的幼犬在 5 到 7 周大时呈阳性。只有少数(5/16)C. cynodegmi PCR 阳性的狗样本在胶囊分型 PCR 中呈阳性,而所有 C. canimorsus PCR 阳性的狗样本在胶囊分型 PCR 中呈阴性。所有 Capnocytophaga PCR 阳性的幼犬,其母犬均对相同的 Capnocytophaga 种类呈阳性。这些结果表明,幼犬在萌出乳牙时就已经从母犬处感染了 Cynodegmi 或 C. canimorsus。
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来源期刊
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
28
审稿时长
18-36 weeks
期刊介绍: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica is an open access journal encompassing all aspects of veterinary research and medicine of domestic and wild animals.
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