Subclinical infection and potential shedding routes of equine parvovirus-hepatitis among hospitalized horses in Austria

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI:10.1111/jvim.17129

Dilara Lale, Esther E. Dirks, Irina Preining, Manolis Lyrakis, Andre Gömer, Eike Steinmann, Jessika-M. V. Cavalleri, Anna Sophie Ramsauer

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Abstract

Background

Equine parvovirus hepatitis (EqPV-H) can cause Theiler's disease and subclinical hepatitis in horses.

Objectives

Assess the frequency of subclinical EqPV-H infection in hospitalized horses and to study viral transmission by investigating potential shedding routes.

Animals

One hundred sixteen equids, that presented to the University Equine Hospital of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna between February 2021 and March 2022, for causes other than hepatopathy.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, samples (serum, feces, nasal, and buccal swabs) of hospitalized horses were collected. Sera were screened for the presence of anti-EqPV-H antibodies by a luciferase immunoprecipitation system assay. Quantitative PCR was used for the detection of EqPV-H DNA in the samples and a nested PCR was used for further validation.

Results

Seroprevalence was 10.3% (12/116) and viremia occurred in 12.9% (15/116) of the serologically positive horses. The detected viral load in serum varied from non-quantifiable amount to 1.3 × 10⁶ genome equivalents per milliliter of serum. A low viral load of EqPV-H DNA was detected in 2 nasal swabs and 1 fecal sample.

Conclusion and Clinical Importance

EqPV-H DNA was detected in nasal secretions and feces of viremic horses, which could pose a risk to naive hospitalized horses. It is advisable to screen hospitalized horses that are potential donors of blood or plasma to reduce the risk of iatrogenic EqPV-H transmission.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

奥地利住院马匹的亚临床感染和马细小病毒肝炎的潜在脱落途径。

背景：马细小病毒肝炎（EqPV-H）可导致马的泰勒氏病和亚临床肝炎：评估住院马匹亚临床感染 EqPV-H 的频率，并通过调查潜在的脱落途径研究病毒传播：16匹马，在2021年2月至2022年3月期间因肝病以外的原因到维也纳兽医大学马科医院就诊：在这项横断面研究中，收集了住院马匹的样本（血清、粪便、鼻腔和口腔拭子）。通过荧光素酶免疫沉淀系统检测法筛查血清中是否存在抗 EqPV-H 抗体。使用定量 PCR 检测样本中的 EqPV-H DNA，并使用巢式 PCR 进一步验证：结果：血清阳性率为10.3%（12/116），12.9%（15/116）的血清阳性马出现病毒血症。血清中检测到的病毒载量从无法量化到每毫升血清 1.3 × 106 个基因组当量不等。在 2 份鼻拭子和 1 份粪便样本中检测到的 EqPV-H DNA 病毒载量较低：在病毒感染马匹的鼻腔分泌物和粪便中检测到了EqPV-H DNA，这可能会对天真住院马匹造成危害。建议对可能捐献血液或血浆的住院马匹进行筛查，以降低EqPV-H先天性传播的风险。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

11.50%

发文量

243

审稿时长

22 weeks

期刊介绍： The mission of the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine is to advance veterinary medical knowledge and improve the lives of animals by publication of authoritative scientific articles of animal diseases.