Dietary pattern modifies the risk of MASLD through metabolomic signature

IF 9.5 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
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Abstract

Background & Aims

The EAT-Lancet Commission in 2019 advocated a plant-centric diet for health and environmental benefits, but its relation to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is unclear. We aimed to discover the metabolite profile linked to the EAT-Lancet diet and its association with MASLD risk, considering genetic predisposition.

Methods

We analyzed data from 105,752 UK Biobank participants with detailed dietary and metabolomic information. We constructed an EAT-Lancet diet index and derived a corresponding metabolomic signature through elastic net regression. A weighted polygenic risk score for MASLD was computed from associated risk variants. The Cox proportional hazards model was employed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for the risk of MASLD (defined as hospital admission or death).

Results

During a median follow-up period of 11.6 years, 1,138 cases of MASLD were documented. Participants in the highest group for the EAT-Lancet diet index had a multivariable HR of 0.79 (95% CI 0.66–0.95) for MASLD compared to the lowest group. The diet's impact was unaffected by genetic predisposition to MASLD (p = 0.42). Moreover, a robust correlation was found between the metabolomic signature and the EAT-Lancet diet index (Pearson r = 0.29; p <0.0001). Participants in the highest group for the metabolomic signature had a multivariable HR of 0.46 (95% CI 0.37–0.58) for MASLD, in comparison to those in the lowest group.

Conclusions

Higher intake of the EAT-Lancet diet and its associated metabolite signature are both linked to a reduced risk of MASLD, independently of traditional risk factors.

Impact and implications:

Our analysis leveraging the UK Biobank study showed higher adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet was associated with a reduced risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We identified a unique metabolite signature comprising 81 metabolites associated with the EAT-Lancet diet, potentially underlying the diet's protective mechanism against MASLD. These findings suggest the EAT-Lancet diet may offer substantial protective benefits against MASLD.

Abstract Image

饮食模式通过代谢组特征改变 MASLD 风险
背景& 目的2019年EAT-Lancet委员会提倡以植物为中心的饮食,以获得健康和环境效益,但其与代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪性肝病(MASLD)的关系尚不清楚。我们旨在发现与EAT-Lancet饮食相关的代谢物特征及其与MASLD风险的关联,同时考虑遗传易感性。方法我们分析了来自105,752名英国生物库参与者的数据,其中包含详细的饮食和代谢组学信息。我们构建了 EAT-Lancet 饮食指数,并通过弹性净回归得出了相应的代谢组特征。根据相关风险变异计算出了MASLD的加权多基因风险评分。结果在11.6年的中位随访期间,共记录了1138例MASLD病例。EAT-Lancet 饮食指数最高组的参与者与最低组相比,MASLD 的多变量 HR 为 0.79(95% CI 0.66-0.95)。饮食的影响不受 MASLD 遗传易感性的影响(p = 0.42)。此外,代谢组学特征与 EAT-Lancet 饮食指数之间也存在很强的相关性(Pearson r = 0.29; p <0.0001)。结论较高的EAT-Lancet饮食摄入量及其相关代谢物特征均与MASLD风险的降低有关,与传统的风险因素无关。影响和意义:我们利用英国生物库研究进行的分析表明,较高的EAT-Lancet饮食坚持率与代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪肝(MASLD)风险的降低有关。我们发现了一种独特的代谢物特征,其中包括 81 种与 EAT-Lancet 膳食相关的代谢物,这可能是该膳食对 MASLD 具有保护作用的根本原因。这些研究结果表明,EAT-Lancet膳食可能对MASLD具有实质性的保护作用。
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来源期刊
JHEP Reports
JHEP Reports GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY-
CiteScore
12.40
自引率
2.40%
发文量
161
审稿时长
36 days
期刊介绍: JHEP Reports is an open access journal that is affiliated with the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL). It serves as a companion journal to the highly respected Journal of Hepatology. The primary objective of JHEP Reports is to publish original papers and reviews that contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the field of liver diseases. The journal covers a wide range of topics, including basic, translational, and clinical research. It also focuses on global issues in hepatology, with particular emphasis on areas such as clinical trials, novel diagnostics, precision medicine and therapeutics, cancer research, cellular and molecular studies, artificial intelligence, microbiome research, epidemiology, and cutting-edge technologies. In summary, JHEP Reports is dedicated to promoting scientific discoveries and innovations in liver diseases through the publication of high-quality research papers and reviews covering various aspects of hepatology.
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