Graphene Oxide Nanocarriers for Effective Drug Delivery in Breast Cancer Treatment

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed form of cancer globally, with women having a higher risk of developing the disease. Current treatment approaches, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, encounter significant difficulties due to the heterogeneous and intricate regulation of tumors. Nanotechnology, especially the utilization of graphene oxide (GO), presents a promising approach to overcoming the limitations of traditional treatments. GO's unique properties, including its two-dimensional structure, functional groups, and high surface area, make it an ideal material for developing multifunctional nanocarriers. Graphene oxide-based nanocarriers have demonstrated immense potential in breast cancer therapeutics by overcoming the limitations and adverse reactions associated with chemotherapy. The functionalization of GO's surface using biocompatible substances like chitosan and polyethylene glycol improves the cytotoxicity of GO. Enhancing the cytotoxicity also improves the ability to treat tumors that have developed resistance to traditional treatments. These findings demonstrate the promising efficacy of GO-based nanocarriers in treating breast cancer and pave the way for the development of more precise and efficient treatment strategies in the future, potentially improving therapeutic outcomes.