Current Treatment Approaches for Alzheimer’s Disease and Possible Drug Targets

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease is a neurological condition that is becoming increasingly common and is typified by dementia. Drug development for AD is a major issue with a startlingly high failure rate despite a marked increase in the frequency of the disease linked to genetic factors. As AD is the most common neurological illness and contributes to both the high patient burden and the cost of healthcare, this issue must be addressed. The current manuscript aims to focus on the current treatment approaches of newer drugs under clinical trials of Alzheimer’s disease by targeting the various pathological pathways that are involved in AD. Data provided in this review are from literature surveys and ongoing clinical trials from reputed search engines like PubMed, ResearchGate, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, as well as from various respected authors and—registered websites such as memory.ucsf.edu/genetics/familial-Alzheimer’s- disease and https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. There are diverse forms of drugs and multiple pathways on which many advancements and clinical trials have been conductedand are undergoing. Various investigations and studies are going on. There are different pathogenesis of AD, such as Tau, vascular, Amyloid β, estrogen deficiency, and the role of gut microbiota in AD. Donepezil, Rivastigmine, etc., are currently used for treatment, and certain drugs are in different stages of clinical trials, such as ANI792, ACC-001, CAD106 &ABvac40, and it is concluded that after successful trials of the new drugs, they can be used for the treatment of AD with maximum benefits and less side effect.