Two Prominent Entomopathogenic Fungi Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin as Natural Enemies of Lepidopteran Larvae from Rayalaseema Region of Andhra Pradesh

S. A. Mujeeb, K. Manjula, P. N. Harathi, A. Kandan, P. L. Kumari
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Abstract

Roving survey was conducted for searching the natural occurrence of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae during kharif season of 2022 and rabi season of 2022-23 in Kurnool, Kadapa, Chittoor and Anantapuramu districts of Andhra pradesh. The crops surveyed were Groundnut, Maize, Cotton, greengram and blackgram during September to October of kharif season and January to February of rabi season. The pest population found in among groundnut crops were Spodoptera litura, Helicoverpa armigera and Aproarema modicella and maize, Spodoptera frugiperda which were found at vegetative stage. The fungal infected cadavers of lepidopteran lavae were observed on the soil below the canopy or adhering to the foliage of groundnut and maize crops. The larval cadavers were collected in separate aseptic vials and soil samples were also collected from the surveyed fields. During the survey, it was found that the mean number of infected cadavers with fungi varied from 2.6 to 3.2 per square meter in Kurnool district during Sep-Oct of 2022. In Anantapuramu district the mean number of cadavers were 1.4-2.2 during Jan-Feb of 2023. In Chittoor district the mean number of infected cadavers were varied from 2.4-3.6, whereas in Kadapa district it was 0.2 per square meter during Jan-Feb of 2023. The cadavers were cultured in the lab and based on morphological characters confirmed the isolates as Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anispoliae. The cadavers of B. bassiana were found to be high in Kurnool district followed by Chittoor district and least in Kadapa district where as the cadavers of M.anispoliae were found to be higher in Chittoor district followed by Anantapuramu district and Nil in Kadapa district.
安得拉邦雷阿拉塞马地区的两种著名昆虫病原真菌 Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin 和 Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin 是鳞翅目幼虫的天敌
在安得拉邦的 Kurnool、Kadapa、Chittoor 和 Anantapuramu 地区进行了巡回调查,以了解 Beauveria bassiana 和 Metarhizium anisopliae 在 2022 年的旱季和 2022-23 年的蕾季的自然发生情况。调查的作物有落花生、玉米、棉花、青黍和黑黍,时间分别为 9 月至 10 月的旱季和 1 月至 2 月的蕾季。在落花生作物中发现的害虫有 Spodoptera litura、Helicoverpa armigera 和 Aproarema modicella,在玉米中发现的害虫有 Spodoptera frugiperda,这些害虫处于无性繁殖阶段。在花生和玉米作物冠层下的土壤中或叶片上发现了受真菌感染的鳞翅目幼虫尸体。幼虫尸体被收集在单独的无菌瓶中,土壤样本也从调查过的田地中采集。调查发现,2022 年 9 月至 10 月期间,库尔努尔地区受真菌感染的尸体平均数量为每平方米 2.6 至 3.2 个。在阿南塔普拉姆地区,2023 年 1 月至 2 月期间,尸体的平均数量为 1.4 至 2.2 具。在奇托尔(Chittoor)地区,受感染尸体的平均数量为 2.4-3.6 具,而在卡达帕(Kadapa)地区,2023 年 1-2 月期间的平均数量为每平方米 0.2 具。实验室对尸体进行了培养,并根据形态特征确认分离出的菌株为巴氏杆菌(Beauveria bassiana)和无尾孢霉(Metarhizium anispoliae)。发现 B. bassiana 的尸块在 Kurnool 地区较多,其次是 Chittoor 地区,在 Kadapa 地区最少,而 M.anispoliae 的尸块在 Chittoor 地区较多,其次是 Anantapuramu 地区,在 Kadapa 地区为零。
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