{"title":"A comparison of random forest-based missing imputation methods for covariates in propensity score analysis.","authors":"Yongseok Lee, Walter L Leite","doi":"10.1037/met0000676","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Propensity score analysis (PSA) is a prominent method to alleviate selection bias in observational studies, but missing data in covariates is prevalent and must be dealt with during propensity score estimation. Through Monte Carlo simulations, this study evaluates the use of imputation methods based on multiple random forests algorithms to handle missing data in covariates: multivariate imputation by chained equations-random forest (Caliber), proximity imputation (PI), and missForest. The results indicated that PI and missForest outperformed other methods with respect to bias of average treatment effect regardless of sample size and missing mechanisms. A demonstration of these five methods with PSA to evaluate the effect of participation in center-based care on children's reading ability is provided using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010-2011. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20782,"journal":{"name":"Psychological methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Psychological methods","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1037/met0000676","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Propensity score analysis (PSA) is a prominent method to alleviate selection bias in observational studies, but missing data in covariates is prevalent and must be dealt with during propensity score estimation. Through Monte Carlo simulations, this study evaluates the use of imputation methods based on multiple random forests algorithms to handle missing data in covariates: multivariate imputation by chained equations-random forest (Caliber), proximity imputation (PI), and missForest. The results indicated that PI and missForest outperformed other methods with respect to bias of average treatment effect regardless of sample size and missing mechanisms. A demonstration of these five methods with PSA to evaluate the effect of participation in center-based care on children's reading ability is provided using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010-2011. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
期刊介绍：
Psychological Methods is devoted to the development and dissemination of methods for collecting, analyzing, understanding, and interpreting psychological data. Its purpose is the dissemination of innovations in research design, measurement, methodology, and quantitative and qualitative analysis to the psychological community; its further purpose is to promote effective communication about related substantive and methodological issues. The audience is expected to be diverse and to include those who develop new procedures, those who are responsible for undergraduate and graduate training in design, measurement, and statistics, as well as those who employ those procedures in research.
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