{"title":"Inflammation, immunity and allergy","authors":"Robbie Sparks, Alistair Nichol","doi":"10.1016/j.mpaic.2024.05.010","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Injury or foreign invasion will instigate a cascade of events directed at eliminating the intruder and augmenting the healing process. This involves the unification of two separate processes (inflammatory and immune processes) to provide an effective host defence. Chemical mediators converge on the site of tissue damage and exert local and distant effects. The immune response is divided into innate and acquired immunity. The immediate, non-specific innate response, combined with the specifically targeted acquired response, provide our major defence mechanisms. Lymphocytes and immunoglobulins are the hallmark of acquired immunity. Regulation of these interlinked systems provide cohesion and a group of soluble proteins called cytokines have a major role. Protective immune mechanisms can sometimes cause detrimental effects to the host. We discuss and classify allergic reactions, in particular, the most severe and potentially life-threatening form – anaphylaxis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45856,"journal":{"name":"Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine","volume":"25 6","pages":"Pages 399-405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1472029924000912","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ANESTHESIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Injury or foreign invasion will instigate a cascade of events directed at eliminating the intruder and augmenting the healing process. This involves the unification of two separate processes (inflammatory and immune processes) to provide an effective host defence. Chemical mediators converge on the site of tissue damage and exert local and distant effects. The immune response is divided into innate and acquired immunity. The immediate, non-specific innate response, combined with the specifically targeted acquired response, provide our major defence mechanisms. Lymphocytes and immunoglobulins are the hallmark of acquired immunity. Regulation of these interlinked systems provide cohesion and a group of soluble proteins called cytokines have a major role. Protective immune mechanisms can sometimes cause detrimental effects to the host. We discuss and classify allergic reactions, in particular, the most severe and potentially life-threatening form – anaphylaxis.
期刊介绍：
Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, an invaluable source of up-to-date information, with the curriculum of both the Primary and Final FRCA examinations covered over a three-year cycle. Published monthly this ever-updating text book will be an invaluable source for both trainee and experienced anaesthetists. The enthusiastic editorial board, under the guidance of two eminent and experienced series editors, ensures Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine covers all the key topics in a comprehensive and authoritative manner. Articles now include learning objectives and eash issue features MCQs, facilitating self-directed learning and enabling readers at all levels to test their knowledge. Each issue is divided between basic scientific and clinical sections. The basic science articles include anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, physics and clinical measurement, while the clinical sections cover anaesthetic agents and techniques, assessment and perioperative management. Further sections cover audit, trials, statistics, ethical and legal medicine, and the management of acute and chronic pain.
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