From Entry to the Nucleus: How Retroviruses Commute.

IF 8.1 1区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY
Annual Review of Virology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-30 DOI:10.1146/annurev-virology-100422-023502
Camila E Osega, Fernando J Bustos, Gloria Arriagada
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Once inside host cells, retroviruses generate a double-stranded DNA copy of their RNA genomes via reverse transcription inside a viral core, and this viral DNA is subsequently integrated into the genome of the host cell. Before integration can occur, the core must cross the cell cortex, be transported through the cytoplasm, and enter the nucleus. Retroviruses have evolved different mechanisms to accomplish this journey. This review examines the various mechanisms retroviruses, especially HIV-1, have evolved to commute throughout the cell. Retroviruses cross the cell cortex while modulating actin dynamics and use microtubules as roads while connecting with microtubule-associated proteins and motors to reach the nucleus. Although a clearer picture exists for HIV-1 compared with other retroviruses, there is still much to learn about how retroviruses accomplish their commute.

从进入细胞核到细胞核:逆转录病毒是如何传播的?
一旦进入宿主细胞,逆转录病毒就会在病毒核心内通过逆转录生成其 RNA 基因组的双链 DNA 副本,然后将病毒 DNA 整合到宿主细胞的基因组中。在整合之前,病毒核心必须穿过细胞皮层,通过细胞质运输,然后进入细胞核。逆转录病毒进化出了不同的机制来完成这一过程。本综述将探讨逆转录病毒(尤其是 HIV-1)在整个细胞中进化出的各种通勤机制。逆转录病毒在调节肌动蛋白动力学的同时穿过细胞皮层,并利用微管作为道路,同时与微管相关蛋白和马达连接以到达细胞核。尽管与其他逆转录病毒相比,HIV-1 的情况更为清晰,但关于逆转录病毒如何完成其通勤,仍有许多知识需要学习。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
19.40
自引率
0.90%
发文量
28
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Virology serves as a conduit for disseminating thrilling advancements in our comprehension of viruses spanning animals, plants, bacteria, archaea, fungi, and protozoa. Its reviews illuminate novel concepts and trajectories in basic virology, elucidating viral disease mechanisms, exploring virus-host interactions, and scrutinizing cellular and immune responses to virus infection. These reviews underscore the exceptional capacity of viruses as potent probes for investigating cellular function.
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