“Wartime” Ephemera from the Family Home in German and Austrian History Museums: A Counterexample to the British Case

Genealogy Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI:10.3390/genealogy8020070
Chloe Paver
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Abstract

When discussing “wartime ephemera”, of the kind that has been passed down through families since the Second World War, Germany and Austria could be considered as a counterexample to Britain. In German and Austrian historical memory, “wartime” cannot be separated from pre-war Nazi society (beginning in 1933 and 1938, respectively). Moreover, what we might loosely call the “Antiques Roadshow experience”—discussing family objects from the Second World War in a sympathetic public forum—has never been open to the majority of Germans and Austrians, who were rather inclined to hide and forget such objects in the family home. Even so, mundane Nazi-era objects survived in their millions and this essay discusses their display in German and Austrian history museums. There, they serve to illustrate a history of mentalities during and after the Nazi regime. Austrian museums are currently playing a proactive role in the transfer of objects from the private, family archive to public, cultural memory. This article considers how notions of “family” are constructed in museum discourse and asks how the millions of German and Austrian citizens and residents with no family connection to the Second World War can be included in a form of national family storytelling that arguably “re-ethnicizes” memory.
德国和奥地利历史博物馆中来自家庭住所的 "战时 "简牍:英国案例的反例
在讨论 "战时简史"(即第二次世界大战后在家庭中流传的那种简史)时,德国和奥地利可被视为英国的反例。在德国和奥地利的历史记忆中,"战时 "与战前纳粹社会(分别始于 1933 年和 1938 年)是分不开的。此外,我们可以宽泛地称之为 "古董路演体验"--在一个富有同情心的公共论坛上讨论二战时期的家庭物品--从未对大多数德国人和奥地利人开放过,他们更倾向于将这些物品藏在家中并遗忘。即便如此,纳粹时期的普通物品仍数以百万计地保存了下来,本文将讨论这些物品在德国和奥地利历史博物馆的展出情况。在这些博物馆中,它们展示了纳粹统治期间和之后的精神史。目前,奥地利博物馆在将物品从私人家庭档案转移到公共文化记忆方面发挥着积极作用。本文探讨了 "家庭 "的概念是如何在博物馆的话语中构建起来的,并提出了一个问题:数百万与第二次世界大战没有家庭联系的德国和奥地利公民和居民如何能够被纳入一种可以说是 "重新民族化 "记忆的民族家庭叙事形式中。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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