Clustering of Common Wheat Cultivars Based on Functional Markers Reflects Differentiation in Quantitative Traits in the Group of Poltava Cultivars

Pub Date : 2024-06-04 DOI:10.3103/s009545272403006x

N. O. Kozub, I. O. Sozinov, O. V. Husenkova, V. M. Tyshchenko, O. I. Sozinova, I. I. Kucheriavyi, A. V. Karelov, O. L. Filenko, O. I. Borzykh, Ya. B. Blume

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Abstract

Among a vast number of polymorphisms in the wheat genome, of special interest are those that are markers for loci under selection. Such loci include storage protein loci, which directly determine the level of bread-making quality, and disease resistance genes. In this study we analyzed diversity of functional markers (seven storage protein loci and three disease resistance genes) in the group of East European winter common wheat genotypes (cultivars and lines of Poltava breeding). Using the UPGMA or NJ methods, the cultivars and lines were divided into two clusters differing in the Glu-1 quality score. The cultivars of cluster 1 with the lower mean Glu-1 quality score predominantly carried the combination of alleles Glu-B1c, Glu-D1a, and Gli-B1e, as well as the resistance allele of Lr34, whereas those of cluster 2 with the higher quality score mainly had the alleles Glu-B1u, Glu-D1d, and Gli-B1b. In the sample of Poltava cultivars, a high correlation between the Glu-1 quality score and the sedimentation value (0.84) was observed. On average for two years, the group of cultivars from cluster 1 showed higher grain protein content and some spike traits in comparison with the means of the sample from cluster 2. Significant associations of Lr34 alleles and alleles at some storage protein loci were revealed, in particular, the association of the resistance allele Lr34R and the allele Glu-D1a in both cultivar and line groups, indicating the adaptive value of such a combination for local soil and climate conditions.

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基于功能标记的普通小麦栽培品种聚类反映了波尔塔瓦栽培品种组在数量性状上的差异

摘要在小麦基因组的大量多态性中，特别令人感兴趣的是那些作为选择基因位点标记的多态性。这些基因座包括直接决定面包制作质量水平的贮藏蛋白基因座和抗病基因。在这项研究中，我们分析了东欧冬季普通小麦基因型组（波尔塔瓦育种的栽培品种和品系）中功能标记（7 个贮存蛋白基因座和 3 个抗病基因）的多样性。利用 UPGMA 或 NJ 方法，栽培品种和品系被分为两个簇，它们的 Glu-1 质量得分各不相同。平均 Glu-1 质量得分较低的第 1 组栽培品种主要携带等位基因 Glu-B1c、Glu-D1a 和 Gli-B1e 以及抗性等位基因 Lr34 的组合，而质量得分较高的第 2 组栽培品种主要携带等位基因 Glu-B1u、Glu-D1d 和 Gli-B1b。在波尔塔瓦栽培品种样本中，Glu-1 质量得分与沉降值（0.84）之间的相关性很高。与第 2 组样本的平均值相比，第 1 组栽培品种两年的平均谷粒蛋白质含量和某些穗状性状更高。结果表明，Lr34 等位基因与一些贮藏蛋白位点的等位基因有显著的关联，特别是抗性等位基因 Lr34R 与等位基因 Glu-D1a 在栽培品种和品系组中都有关联，表明这种组合对当地土壤和气候条件具有适应价值。

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