The effect of long-term magnesium treatment on changes in hepatic autophagic and apoptotic ability of type 2 diabetic female rats and their offspring

IF 1 Q4 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Gene Reports Pub Date : 2024-05-29 DOI:10.1016/j.genrep.2024.101940

Fatemeh Mokhtari Andani , Maedeh Ghasemi , Nepton Soltani , Mahtab Ganbari Rad , Mohammadreza Sharifi

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Abstract

Aim

We investigated the role of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) and insulin administration on improved autophagy and apoptosis to prevent diabetes in high-fat diet (HFD)-diabetic parents and their offspring.

Methods

A HFD and a low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) were used to induce diabetes. Animals were assigned to four groups: non-diabetic control (NDC), diabetic control (DC), the diabetic group received insulin (INS), and the diabetic group received magnesium (MG). The duration of the research was 6 months, and offspring were fed a normal diet for 4 months. Blood glucose was determined weekly in rats (parents and offspring). The gene expression of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPKα1), Bcl-2-interacting myosin-like coiled-coil protein (Becline-1), P62, Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3-II), and caspase-9 of liver tissues were assessed using Real-time PCR.

Result

The analysis of maternal gene expression data showed that treatment with MG and INS considerably augmented the AMPKα1 and LC3-II genes expression and diminished P62 and caspase-9 expression. Also, a significant decrease in the expression of AMPKα1, LC3-II, P62, and Becline-1 was observed in the female offspring in the MG and INS groups. Significant alterations in levels of AMPKα1, Beclin-1, P62, and caspase-9 mRNA were not observed between groups in male offspring, but the expression of LC3-II considerably diminished in the groups compared with the DC group.

Discussion

Our data demonstrated that MG supplementation strengthened the mother's autophagy and reduced the transmission of damage to the female offspring. In the male offspring, the transmission of damage was generally less, and MG improved the autophagy condition in the male offspring. Our findings support the presence of a link between autophagy induction and MG-modified biomaterials and determine a potential mechanism of MG-mediated diabetes and autophagy.

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长期镁治疗对 2 型糖尿病雌性大鼠及其后代肝脏自噬和凋亡能力变化的影响

目的我们研究了硫酸镁（MgSO4）和胰岛素对改善高脂饮食（HFD）糖尿病父母及其后代的自噬和细胞凋亡以预防糖尿病的作用。方法用高脂饮食和低剂量链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导糖尿病。动物被分为四组：非糖尿病对照组（NDC）、糖尿病对照组（DC）、接受胰岛素治疗的糖尿病组（INS）和接受镁治疗的糖尿病组（MG）。研究持续时间为 6 个月，后代以正常饮食喂养 4 个月。每周测定大鼠（亲代和子代）的血糖。采用实时荧光定量PCR技术评估肝脏组织中单磷酸腺苷激活蛋白激酶（AMPKα1）、Bcl-2-肌球蛋白样螺旋卷曲蛋白（Becline-1）、P62、微管相关蛋白1轻链3（LC3-II）和Caspase-9的基因表达。结果母体基因表达数据分析显示，MG 和 INS 可显著提高 AMPKα1 和 LC3-II 基因的表达，降低 P62 和 caspase-9 的表达。此外，在 MG 组和 INS 组的雌性后代中也观察到 AMPKα1、LC3-II、P62 和 Becline-1 的表达明显下降。讨论我们的数据表明，补充 MG 可增强母体的自噬能力，减少损伤向雌性后代的传递。在雄性后代中，损伤的传递普遍较少，MG 改善了雄性后代的自噬状况。我们的研究结果支持自噬诱导与 MG 改性生物材料之间存在联系，并确定了 MG 介导的糖尿病和自噬的潜在机制。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Gene Reports Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Genetics

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

7.70%

发文量

246

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： Gene Reports publishes papers that focus on the regulation, expression, function and evolution of genes in all biological contexts, including all prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, as well as viruses. Gene Reports strives to be a very diverse journal and topics in all fields will be considered for publication. Although not limited to the following, some general topics include: DNA Organization, Replication & Evolution -Focus on genomic DNA (chromosomal organization, comparative genomics, DNA replication, DNA repair, mobile DNA, mitochondrial DNA, chloroplast DNA). Expression & Function - Focus on functional RNAs (microRNAs, tRNAs, rRNAs, mRNA splicing, alternative polyadenylation) Regulation - Focus on processes that mediate gene-read out (epigenetics, chromatin, histone code, transcription, translation, protein degradation). Cell Signaling - Focus on mechanisms that control information flow into the nucleus to control gene expression (kinase and phosphatase pathways controlled by extra-cellular ligands, Wnt, Notch, TGFbeta/BMPs, FGFs, IGFs etc.) Profiling of gene expression and genetic variation - Focus on high throughput approaches (e.g., DeepSeq, ChIP-Seq, Affymetrix microarrays, proteomics) that define gene regulatory circuitry, molecular pathways and protein/protein networks. Genetics - Focus on development in model organisms (e.g., mouse, frog, fruit fly, worm), human genetic variation, population genetics, as well as agricultural and veterinary genetics. Molecular Pathology & Regenerative Medicine - Focus on the deregulation of molecular processes in human diseases and mechanisms supporting regeneration of tissues through pluripotent or multipotent stem cells.