Mechanisms of metastatic colorectal cancer

IF 45.9 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
Adrià Cañellas-Socias, Elena Sancho, Eduard Batlle
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Despite extensive research and improvements in understanding colorectal cancer (CRC), its metastatic form continues to pose a substantial challenge, primarily owing to limited therapeutic options and a poor prognosis. This Review addresses the emerging focus on metastatic CRC (mCRC), which has historically been under-studied compared with primary CRC despite its lethality. We delve into two crucial aspects: the molecular and cellular determinants facilitating CRC metastasis and the principles guiding the evolution of metastatic disease. Initially, we examine the genetic alterations integral to CRC metastasis, connecting them to clinically marked characteristics of advanced CRC. Subsequently, we scrutinize the role of cellular heterogeneity and plasticity in metastatic spread and therapy resistance. Finally, we explore how the tumour microenvironment influences metastatic disease, emphasizing the effect of stromal gene programmes and the immune context. The ongoing research in these fields holds immense importance, as its future implications are projected to revolutionize the treatment of patients with mCRC, hopefully offering a promising outlook for their survival. Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has a poor prognosis, and therapeutic options are limited. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of the genetic and molecular underpinnings of mCRC, discussing the therapeutic potential arising from this knowledge.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

转移性结直肠癌的发病机制。
尽管对结直肠癌(CRC)进行了广泛的研究,对其认识也有所提高,但其转移形式仍然是一个巨大的挑战,主要原因是治疗方案有限且预后较差。与原发性 CRC 相比,尽管转移性 CRC 具有致命性,但对它的研究历来不足。我们将深入探讨两个关键方面:促进 CRC 转移的分子和细胞决定因素以及指导转移性疾病演变的原则。首先,我们研究了 CRC 转移不可或缺的基因改变,并将其与晚期 CRC 的临床特征联系起来。随后,我们仔细研究了细胞异质性和可塑性在转移扩散和耐药性中的作用。最后,我们探讨了肿瘤微环境如何影响转移性疾病,强调了基质基因计划和免疫环境的影响。这些领域正在进行的研究具有极其重要的意义,因为其未来的影响预计将彻底改变 mCRC 患者的治疗方法,有望为他们的生存带来光明前景。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
52.30
自引率
0.60%
发文量
147
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology aims to serve as the leading resource for Reviews and commentaries within the scientific and medical communities it caters to. The journal strives to maintain authority, accessibility, and clarity in its published articles, which are complemented by easily understandable figures, tables, and other display items. Dedicated to providing exceptional service to authors, referees, and readers, the editorial team works diligently to maximize the usefulness and impact of each publication. The journal encompasses a wide range of content types, including Research Highlights, News & Views, Comments, Reviews, Perspectives, and Consensus Statements, all pertinent to gastroenterologists and hepatologists. With its broad scope, Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology ensures that its articles reach a diverse audience, aiming for the widest possible dissemination of valuable information. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology is part of the Nature Reviews portfolio of journals.
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