Lighting-up Wars: Stories of Ca2+ Signaling in Plant Immunity

New Crops Pub Date : 2024-05-18 DOI:10.1016/j.ncrops.2024.100027

Zilu Zhang , Qi Wang , Haiqiao Yan , Xiaoyan Cang , Wei Li , Jinyu He , Meixiang Zhang , Laiqing Lou , Ran Wang , Ming Chang

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Abstract

Calcium ions (Ca²⁺) serve as key messengers in plant immune reactions. A typical Ca²⁺ signaling involves three steps: encoding specific Ca²⁺ signatures by Ca²⁺-permeable channels, decoding Ca²⁺ signals by Ca²⁺ sensors, and downstream responses. This review focuses on plasma membrane-localized Ca²⁺-permeable channels and cytosolic Ca²⁺ sensors, unraveling their roles in cytosolic Ca²⁺ influx and immune signaling during pattern-triggered immunity, effector-triggered immunity, and autoimmunity. Several unresolved questions were highlighted, including the regulation of Ca²⁺-permeable channel activity for immune induction and the mechanism behind Ca²⁺ influx-triggered hypersensitive response cell death. This concise overview provides insights into the complex interplay of Ca²⁺ signaling in plant immunity, paving the way for future investigations on molecular plant-microbe interactions.

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照明战争：植物免疫中的 Ca2+ 信号传导故事

钙离子（Ca2+）是植物免疫反应的关键信使。典型的 Ca2+ 信号传递包括三个步骤：通过 Ca2+ 渗透通道编码特定的 Ca2+ 信号，通过 Ca2+ 传感器解码 Ca2+ 信号，以及下游反应。本综述侧重于质膜定位的Ca2+渗透通道和细胞膜Ca2+传感器，揭示它们在模式触发免疫、效应触发免疫和自身免疫过程中细胞膜Ca2+流入和免疫信号转导中的作用。报告强调了几个尚未解决的问题，包括免疫诱导中 Ca2+ 渗透通道活性的调节以及 Ca2+ 流入触发超敏反应细胞死亡背后的机制。这篇简明综述深入揭示了植物免疫中 Ca2+ 信号的复杂相互作用，为今后研究植物与微生物的分子相互作用铺平了道路。

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New Crops

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