Biologics Approaches—When, Why, and How?

Abstract

Orthobiologics are being investigated to treat a variety of sports medicine pathologies. This article provides an evidence-based approach summarizing currently available options, including viscosupplementation, platelet-rich plasma, bone marrow aspirate concentration, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and amniotic-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Orthobiologic use in clinical practice necessitates an understanding of the indications, supporting evidence, risks, and benefits. It should maintain a safe, cost-effective, and resource-conscious approach while adhering to regulatory guidelines. This article provides a foundation for understanding when, why, and how to implement orthobiologics.