Revisiting Amputation Rates in High-Pressure Injection Injuries

Abstract

Purpose

High-pressure injection injuries are a rare, and potentially serious, trauma that has historically been associated with high-amputation rates. This study aimed to assess the amputation rates, materials involved, and outcomes at a single institution.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of 53 cases at a level-1 trauma center in South Central Texas between 2007 and 2023 was conducted. Patient demographics, injury details, materials injected, surgical interventions, complications, and follow-up data were collected and analyzed.

Results

There was an amputation rate of 2.2. Latex-based paints showed more favorable outcomes when compared with grease injections and oil-based paints. There were also fewer reoperations and postoperative complications with latex-based paint injuries.

Conclusions

The study signals the need for a re-evaluation of high-pressure injection injury outcomes, highlighting a more optimistic prognosis than previously thought. The evolution of materials in paints, especially latex-based paints, may have been associated with a lower rate of amputation than what was previously reported.

Type of study/level of evidence

Prognostic IV.