Neurological Manifestations of Systemic Diseases: Key Aspects for the Clinician

Abstract

The nervous system interacts with all other systems in the human body on a continuous ba-sis. It’s not uncommon for a disease to exhibit neurological symptoms that are not solely at-tributable to a primary nervous system disorder, but, rather, to the intricate relationships the nervous system has with other organs. This article reviews how diverse gastrointesti-nal, endocrine, rheumatic, kidney, heart, and other affections manifest in the neurological system. Key points, frequent symptoms, and signs are thus summarized to provide a com-prehensive understanding of the relationship between systemic diseases and neurological symptoms. Emphasizing the clinical presentation of a selected group of conditions, it is hoped that clinicians can better recognize the potential for neurological symptoms in pa-tients with systemic diseases, and the potential for systemic diseases in patients exhibiting neurological symptoms, leading to earlier diagnosis and improved outcomes.