Automation improves the efficiency of weightbearing CT scan 3D volumetric assessments of the syndesmosis.

Abstract

Background: Weight-bearing CT (WBCT) 3D volumetric measurement has shown promising accuracy for the diagnosis of syndesmotic instability. However, these measurements are rather complex and time-consuming, rendering them a clinically unfavorable option. We hypothesized that automatized measurements would be more accurate and time-efficient than manual ones.

Methods: Thirty cases of intraoperatively confirmed syndesmotic instability along with thirty individuals with no injuries to the ankle joint were recruited as cases and controls, retrospectively. Two observers conducted the manual volumetric measurements two times, at a one-week interval. An automated algorithm for 3D WBCT measurements was developed to conduct the measurements on the axial images. The time spent on each method was recorded. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the values between human raters and computers. Inter- and intra-class reliability were calculated.

Results: The intra-class correlation coefficient was found to be "excellent" for the automated measurements (0.97) and "good" for the observers (0.75). Similarly, the Cronbach's alpha was shown to be higher for the computer (0.88) than the observers (0.60 and 0.62). The mean time spent on the measurements was different between human raters and the computer-assisted method (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Automated volumetric assessment of syndesmosis seems to be a faster and more reliable option than the manual one. We suggest future larger-scale prospective studies conducted under actual clinical circumstances for more definitive conclusions.

Level of evidence: Retrospective case-control study - Level 3.