Different oil sources impacting brain lipid and transcriptome profiles of pigs

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Livestock Science Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI:10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105490

Bruna Pereira Martins da Silva , Simara Larissa Fanalli , Julia Dezen Gomes , Vivian Vezzoni de Almeida , Heidge Fukumasu , Gabriel Costa Monteiro Moreira , Bárbara Silva-Vignato , Juliana Afonso , James Mark Reecy , James Eugene Koltes , Dawn Koltes , Júlio Cesar de Carvalho Balieiro , Luciana Correia de Almeida Regitano , Severino Matias de Alencar , Gerson Barreto Mourão , Luiz Lehmann Coutinho , Albino Luchiari Filho , Aline Silva Mello Cesar

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Abstract

Lipids are fundamental to the structure and function of the brain, and their fatty acids (FA) composition is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which have protective effects and modulate gene transcription. For nutrigenomics studies, pigs (Sus scrofa) have been widely used as a biomedical model. Thus, the aimed to investigate whether different dietary oil sources modify the pig brain's lipid and transcriptomic profile. A 98-day study was performed using fifty-four male pigs. Treatments consisted of corn-soybean meal diets containing 3 % of soybean oil (SOY), canola oil (CO), or fish oil (FO). Total mRNA was extracted for sequencing. As a result, feeding diets with different oil sources affected the percentage of some FA. Palmitic acid showed a greater concentration in diets containing SOY with 27.037 %. Oleic acid and eicosenoic acid, showed a greater concentration in diets containing SOY, with 30.968 % and 2.096 %, respectively; and, total PUFA showed a better concentration in diets containing SOY and FO, with 11.685 % and 12.150 %, respectively. After quality control, considering the total reads obtained for the three groups, 94.87% were mapped against the reference genome SScrofa11.1. A comparison of gene expression between the groups of pigs was carried out by using the DESeq2 statistical package (R/Bioconductor). From SOY vs CO comparison, five differentially expressed genes (DEG, FDR < 0.05) were identified, from SOY vs FO forty-four DEG were verified, and from CO vs FO thirty-nine DEG were found. The functional enrichment analysis resulted in pathway maps (P < 0.05) related to apoptosis and cell proliferation, obesity and type 2 diabetes, neurophysiological process, and inflammation. The networks were associated with signal transduction, calcium transport, and oxidative stress. Overall, the results showed that diets with different oil sources could affect some brain tissue parameters and may help guide future research on the availability of dietary FA in the brain.

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不同油源对猪脑脂质和转录组图谱的影响

脂质是大脑结构和功能的基础，其脂肪酸（FA）组成富含多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA），具有保护作用并能调节基因转录。在营养基因组学研究中，猪（Sus scrofa）被广泛用作生物医学模型。因此，本研究旨在探讨不同的膳食油源是否会改变猪脑的脂质和转录组特征。研究使用 54 头雄性猪进行了为期 98 天的研究。处理包括含有 3% 大豆油 (SOY)、菜籽油 (CO) 或鱼油 (FO) 的玉米-豆粕日粮。提取总 mRNA 进行测序。结果表明，饲喂不同油源的日粮会影响某些脂肪酸的比例。棕榈酸在含 SOY 的日粮中含量较高，为 27.037%。油酸和二十烯酸在含 SOY 的日粮中含量较高，分别为 30.968 % 和 2.096 %；总 PUFA 在含 SOY 和 FO 的日粮中含量较高，分别为 11.685 % 和 12.150 %。经过质量控制后，考虑到三个组获得的总读数，94.87%的读数与参考基因组SScrofa11.1进行了映射。使用 DESeq2 统计软件包（R/Bioconductor）对各组猪的基因表达进行了比较。从 SOY 与 CO 的比较中发现了五个差异表达基因（DEG，FDR < 0.05），从 SOY 与 FO 的比较中验证了 44 个差异表达基因，从 CO 与 FO 的比较中发现了 39 个差异表达基因。功能富集分析得出了与细胞凋亡和细胞增殖、肥胖和 2 型糖尿病、神经生理过程以及炎症有关的通路图（P < 0.05）。这些网络与信号转导、钙运输和氧化应激有关。总之，研究结果表明，不同油脂来源的膳食会影响一些脑组织参数，这可能有助于指导未来有关脑内膳食脂肪酸可用性的研究。

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来源期刊

Livestock Science 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

5.60%

发文量

237

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Livestock Science promotes the sound development of the livestock sector by publishing original, peer-reviewed research and review articles covering all aspects of this broad field. The journal welcomes submissions on the avant-garde areas of animal genetics, breeding, growth, reproduction, nutrition, physiology, and behaviour in addition to genetic resources, welfare, ethics, health, management and production systems. The high-quality content of this journal reflects the truly international nature of this broad area of research.