Recent Progress in the Development of Flexible Wearable Electrodes for Electrocardiogram Monitoring During Exercise

IF 4 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Advanced Nanobiomed Research Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI:10.1002/anbr.202300169

Tae Woog Kang, Jimin Lee, Youngjin Kwon, Yoon Jae Lee, Woon-Hong Yeo

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Abstract

Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring has recently been an important indicator of cardiac health diagnosis. In the past, ECG could be measured under limited conditions in hospitals with 12-lead electrode systems. Recently, portable and wearable devices have offered continuous, real-time monitoring of ECG signals in real life. However, developing wearable ECG sensors that provide low-motion artifacts and high-quality signals during exercise conditions is still challenging. Herein, this review reports a systematic summary of the key characteristics, properties, and requirements of flexible wearable ECG devices for the early diagnosis of heart dysfunction in dynamic motions, including exercise. In addition, the recent progress in controlling sensor adhesion and novel materials for designing dry electrodes are discussed to improve ECG signal quality in exercise. Finally, various aspects of electrode developmental challenges and limitations are reviewed, and research directions for future studies are discussed.

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开发用于运动时心电图监测的柔性可穿戴电极的最新进展

心电图（ECG）监测近来已成为心脏健康诊断的一项重要指标。过去，心电图可在医院的有限条件下通过 12 导联电极系统进行测量。最近，便携式和可穿戴设备可在现实生活中对心电图信号进行连续、实时的监测。然而，开发可在运动条件下提供低运动伪影和高质量信号的可穿戴心电图传感器仍具有挑战性。在此，本综述系统总结了用于早期诊断动态运动（包括运动）中心脏功能障碍的柔性可穿戴心电图设备的主要特点、性能和要求。此外，还讨论了控制传感器附着力的最新进展以及设计干电极的新型材料，以改善运动中的心电信号质量。最后，综述了电极开发的各方面挑战和限制，并讨论了未来的研究方向。

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来源期刊

Advanced Nanobiomed Research nanomedicine, bioengineering and biomaterials-

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

5.90%

发文量

审稿时长

21 weeks

期刊介绍： Advanced NanoBiomed Research will provide an Open Access home for cutting-edge nanomedicine, bioengineering and biomaterials research aimed at improving human health. The journal will capture a broad spectrum of research from increasingly multi- and interdisciplinary fields of the traditional areas of biomedicine, bioengineering and health-related materials science as well as precision and personalized medicine, drug delivery, and artificial intelligence-driven health science. The scope of Advanced NanoBiomed Research will cover the following key subject areas: ▪ Nanomedicine and nanotechnology, with applications in drug and gene delivery, diagnostics, theranostics, photothermal and photodynamic therapy and multimodal imaging. ▪ Biomaterials, including hydrogels, 2D materials, biopolymers, composites, biodegradable materials, biohybrids and biomimetics (such as artificial cells, exosomes and extracellular vesicles), as well as all organic and inorganic materials for biomedical applications. ▪ Biointerfaces, such as anti-microbial surfaces and coatings, as well as interfaces for cellular engineering, immunoengineering and 3D cell culture. ▪ Biofabrication including (bio)inks and technologies, towards generation of functional tissues and organs. ▪ Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, including scaffolds and scaffold-free approaches, for bone, ligament, muscle, skin, neural, cardiac tissue engineering and tissue vascularization. ▪ Devices for healthcare applications, disease modelling and treatment, such as diagnostics, lab-on-a-chip, organs-on-a-chip, bioMEMS, bioelectronics, wearables, actuators, soft robotics, and intelligent drug delivery systems. with a strong focus on applications of these fields, from bench-to-bedside, for treatment of all diseases and disorders, such as infectious, autoimmune, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, neurological disorders and cancer; including pharmacology and toxicology studies.