Fictional friends and enemies as first aid after ostracism? Experimentally investigating the potential of para-/orthosocial relationships in belongingness need restoration and emotion regulation

IF 5.4 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

ACS Applied Energy Materials Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI:10.1093/hcr/hqae009

Sarah Lutz, Frank M Schneider, Sabine Reich, Michelle Schimmel, Hannah Oechler, Laura Beinlich

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Abstract

Being socially excluded seriously threatens individuals’ need to belong and emotional well-being. This article investigates to what extent different coping strategies help overcome these detrimental effects: thinking about real-life friends/enemies (i.e., orthosocial relationships, OSRs) and thinking about (dis)liked media characters (i.e., parasocial relationships, PSRs). Across three experiments (NPilot = 129, NStudy1 = 132, NStudy2 = 855), we first induced social exclusion using a virtual ball-tossing game. Afterward, we manipulated different relationship types and valences and compared them to non- or less-relational control conditions. As hypothesized, belongingness and emotional well-being increased from pre- to post-coping. This effect was fully mediated by perceived relationship closeness to the respective person(a). Highlighting that PSRs represent more than surrogates (i.e., secondary replacements of OSR), both relationship types did not differ in coping effectiveness. Moreover, positive relationships were more effective in fulfilling both coping goals than negative ones.

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虚构的朋友和敌人是被排斥后的急救？通过实验研究副社会关系/正社会关系在归属感需求恢复和情绪调节方面的潜力

被社会排斥严重威胁着个人的归属需求和情感幸福。本文研究了不同的应对策略在多大程度上有助于克服这些不利影响：思考现实生活中的朋友/敌人（即正社会关系，OSRs）和思考（不）喜欢的媒体角色（即寄生社会关系，PSRs）。在三个实验中（NPilot = 129，NStudy1 = 132，NStudy2 = 855），我们首先使用虚拟抛球游戏诱导社交排斥。之后，我们操纵了不同的关系类型和价值，并将其与无关系或关系较少的对照条件进行了比较。正如假设的那样，从应对前到应对后，归属感和情绪幸福感都有所增加。这种影响完全是由与相关人（a）的感知关系亲密程度所中介的。两种关系类型在应对效果上并无差异，这说明 PSR 不仅仅是替代关系（即 OSR 的次级替代）。此外，积极的人际关系比消极的人际关系更能有效地实现两个应对目标。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

ACS Applied Energy Materials Materials Science-Materials Chemistry

CiteScore

10.30

自引率

6.20%

发文量

1368

期刊介绍： ACS Applied Energy Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of materials, engineering, chemistry, physics and biology relevant to energy conversion and storage. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrate knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, and chemistry into important energy applications.