Fuel Consumption and CO2 Emissions in Fully Mechanized Cut-to-Length (CTL) Harvesting Operations of Industrial Roundwood: A Review

IF 9 1区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Current Forestry Reports Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI:10.1007/s40725-024-00219-3

Kalle Kärhä, Lars Eliasson, Martin Kühmaier, Raffaele Spinelli

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose of Review

The aim of this literature review was to bring together the most relevant and recent research information on the fuel consumption and CO₂ emissions caused by the fully mechanized cut-to-length (CTL) harvesting machinery when applied to industrial roundwood. A specific aim of this review was to describe the effect of different independent variables on fuel consumption in fully mechanized CTL wood-harvesting operations.

Recent Findings

The review showed that the engine power of CTL forest machines accounts for most of the variance in the hourly fuel consumption of both harvesters and forwarders. We underline that the cubic-metre-based fuel consumption of CTL forest machines is correlated to the same factors that affect work productivity. Among all influencing factors, the average stem size, removal intensity and silvicultural treatment have the strongest effect on the fuel consumption per m³ incurred with felling-processing, whereas forwarding distance, removal intensity and payload size are the main drivers of fuel consumption per m³ as incurred with extraction. Further influencing factors are soil type (mineral soil or peatland), use of tracks, assortment type and machine size. Together with those factors, the role of the machine operator remains crucial and is dependent on two separate skills: the capacity to achieve high productivity, and that to apply fuel-saving driving techniques.

Summary

The easiest way to reduce the carbon footprint of CTL harvesting machines is to increase the productivity of the harvesting work, for example by giving machine operator-specific training to utilize more efficient work methods and economic energy-efficient driving techniques. Furthermore, several other measures to reduce the carbon footprint of CTL harvesting operations were discussed in this review. Finally, we recommend that all essential variables that have a significant impact on the productivity of harvesting work, fuel consumption and CO₂ emissions are reported in study papers in the future.

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工业圆材全机械化定尺剪切 (CTL) 采伐作业的燃料消耗和二氧化碳排放：综述

综述目的本文献综述旨在汇集有关全机械化定尺剪切（CTL）采伐机械用于工业圆材时造成的燃料消耗和二氧化碳排放的最新研究信息。本综述的一个具体目的是描述不同自变量对全机械化 CTL 木材采伐作业燃料消耗的影响。综述显示，CTL 林木机械的发动机功率占采伐机和转运机每小时燃料消耗差异的大部分。我们强调，以立方米为单位的 CTL 林业机械燃料消耗量与影响工作效率的相同因素相关。在所有影响因素中，平均茎干尺寸、移除强度和造林处理对伐木加工产生的每立方米燃料消耗影响最大，而转运距离、移除强度和有效载荷大小则是采伐产生的每立方米燃料消耗的主要驱动因素。其他影响因素包括土壤类型（矿质土壤或泥炭地）、履带的使用、分类类型和机器尺寸。小结减少 CTL 收割机碳足迹的最简单方法是提高收割工作的生产率，例如对机器操作员进行专门培训，使其掌握更高效的工作方法和经济节能的驾驶技术。此外，本综述还讨论了其他一些减少 CTL 收割作业碳足迹的措施。最后，我们建议在今后的研究论文中报告对收割工作的生产率、燃料消耗和二氧化碳排放有重大影响的所有基本变量。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Forestry Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

CiteScore

15.90

自引率

2.10%

发文量

期刊介绍： Current Forestry Reports features in-depth review articles written by global experts on significant advancements in forestry. Its goal is to provide clear, insightful, and balanced contributions that highlight and summarize important topics for forestry researchers and managers. To achieve this, the journal appoints international authorities as Section Editors in various key subject areas like physiological processes, tree genetics, forest management, remote sensing, and wood structure and function. These Section Editors select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that focus on new developments and recently published papers of great importance. Moreover, an international Editorial Board evaluates the yearly table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their specific country or region, and ensures that the topics are up-to-date and include emerging research.