Analysing the outbreaks of leptospirosis after floods in Kerala, India.

IF 3 2区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Oluwafemi John Ifejube, Sekhar L Kuriakose, T S Anish, Cees van Westen, Justine I Blanford
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Abstract

A growing number of studies have linked the incidence of leptospirosis with the occurrence of flood events. Nevertheless, the interaction between flood and leptospirosis has not been extensively studied to understand the influence of flood attributes in inducing new cases. This study reviews leptospirosis cases in relation to multiple flood occurrences in Kerala, India. Leptospirosis data were obtained for three years: 2017 (non-flood year) and two years with flooding-2018 (heavy flooding) and 2019 (moderate flooding). We considered the severity of flood events using the discharge, duration and extent of each flooding event and compared them with the leptospirosis cases. The distribution of cases regarding flood discharge and duration was assessed through descriptive and spatiotemporal analyses, respectively. Furthermore, cluster analyses and spatial regression were completed to ascertain the relationship between flood extent and the postflood cases. This study found that postflood cases of leptospirosis can be associated with flood events in space and time. The total cases in both 2018 and 2019 increased in the post-flood phase, with the increase in 2018 being more evident. Unlike the 2019 flood, the flood of 2018 is a significant spatial indicator for postflood cases. Our study shows that flooding leads to an increase in leptospirosis cases, and there is stronger evidence for increased leptospirosis cases after a heavy flood event than after a moderate flooding event. Flood duration may be the most important factor in determining the increase in leptospirosis infections.

分析印度喀拉拉邦洪灾后钩端螺旋体病的爆发。
越来越多的研究将钩端螺旋体病的发病率与洪水事件的发生联系起来。然而,洪水与钩端螺旋体病之间的相互作用尚未得到广泛研究,以了解洪水属性对诱发新病例的影响。本研究回顾了与印度喀拉拉邦多次洪灾有关的钩端螺旋体病病例。我们获得了三个年份的钩端螺旋体病数据:2017 年(非洪水年)和发生洪水的两个年份--2018 年(大洪水)和 2019 年(中度洪水)。我们利用每次洪水事件的排水量、持续时间和范围来考虑洪水事件的严重程度,并将其与钩端螺旋体病病例进行比较。我们分别通过描述性分析和时空分析评估了病例在洪水排放量和持续时间方面的分布情况。此外,还完成了聚类分析和空间回归,以确定洪水范围与洪灾后病例之间的关系。本研究发现,洪灾后钩端螺旋体病病例在空间和时间上都与洪水事件有关。2018年和2019年的总病例数在洪水后阶段均有所增加,其中2018年的增加更为明显。与 2019 年的洪水不同,2018 年的洪水是洪水后病例的重要空间指标。我们的研究表明,洪水导致钩端螺旋体病病例增加,与中度洪水事件相比,大洪水事件后钩端螺旋体病病例增加的证据更充分。洪水持续时间可能是决定钩端螺旋体病感染增加的最重要因素。
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来源期刊
International Journal of Health Geographics
International Journal of Health Geographics PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH -
CiteScore
10.20
自引率
2.00%
发文量
17
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: A leader among the field, International Journal of Health Geographics is an interdisciplinary, open access journal publishing internationally significant studies of geospatial information systems and science applications in health and healthcare. With an exceptional author satisfaction rate and a quick time to first decision, the journal caters to readers across an array of healthcare disciplines globally. International Journal of Health Geographics welcomes novel studies in the health and healthcare context spanning from spatial data infrastructure and Web geospatial interoperability research, to research into real-time Geographic Information Systems (GIS)-enabled surveillance services, remote sensing applications, spatial epidemiology, spatio-temporal statistics, internet GIS and cyberspace mapping, participatory GIS and citizen sensing, geospatial big data, healthy smart cities and regions, and geospatial Internet of Things and blockchain.
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