Muva physical activity intervention improves social functioning in people with a severe mental illness: A pragmatic stepped wedge cluster controlled trial
Lisanne Elisabeth Maria Koomen , Ilona Hendrika Theodora van de Meent , Jeroen Deenik , Edwin van Dellen , Hugo Gerard Schnack , Cornelis Hendrikus van Werkhoven , Wilma Elisabeth Swildens , Berno van Meijel , Wouter Staal , Frederike Jörg , Floortje Scheepers , Wiepke Cahn
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Abstract
Severe mental illness (SMI) imposes a significant burden on individuals, resulting in long-lasting symptoms, lower social functioning and impaired physical health. Physical activity (PA) interventions can improve both mental and physical health and care workers can serve as healthy role models. Yet, individuals with SMI face barriers to PA participation. This study evaluated the effects of Muva, and assessed if mental health worker's (MHW) characteristics were associated with clients' change in social functioning. Muva, an intervention package primarily created to increase PA of people with SMI, places a special focus on MHWs as they might play a key role in overcoming barriers. Other PA barrier-decreasing elements of Muva were a serious game app, lifestyle education, and optimization of the medication regime.
Method
This study is a pragmatic stepped wedge cluster controlled trial. Controls received care as usual. Mixed-effects linear regressions were performed to assess changes in the primary outcome social functioning, and secondary outcomes quality of life, psychiatric symptoms, PA, body mass index, waist circumference, and blood pressure.
Results
84 people with SMI were included in three intervention clusters, and 38 people with SMI in the control cluster. Compared to the control condition, there was significant clinical improvement of social functioning in interpersonal communication (p=<0.01) and independent competence (p=<0.01) in people receiving Muva. These outcomes were not associated with MHW's characteristics. There were no changes in the other outcome measures.
Conclusions
Muva improved social functioning in people with SMI compared to care as usual.
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