A. N. Romanov, I. V. Khvostov, I. V. Ryabinin, D. A. Romanov
{"title":"Analysis of Hydrological Changes in Mineral Lakes in Northern Eurasia Based on SMOS Satellite Data","authors":"A. N. Romanov, I. V. Khvostov, I. V. Ryabinin, D. A. Romanov","doi":"10.1134/s0010952523700648","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The climatic changes taking place in Northern Eurasia, which have become especially aggravated in the past few decades, in combination with the anthropogenic impact on ecosystems, are causing noticeable changes in the hydrological characteristics of mineral lakes. Based on the results of daily measurements of brightness temperature <i>T</i><sub>b</sub> from the <i>SMOS</i> (Soil Moisture and Ocean Solution) satellite, the long-term seasonal dynamics of hydrological changes in some large mineral lakes of Northern Eurasia (Caspian Sea, Kara-Bogaz-Gol Bay, Aral Sea, lakes Sarykamyshskoe, Kulunda, Ubsu-Nur) from 2012 to 2022 was studied. The analysis of the seasonal and interannual dynamics of <i>T</i><sub>b</sub> and thermodynamic temperature of the underlying surface was performed on the basis of the <i>SMOS</i> L1C and <i>MODIS</i> MOD11A1 (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) products, respectively. Four periods were identified with different behavior of the radiative characteristics of mineral lakes, associated with a decrease in temperature below the freezing point of salt water, the formation and melting of ice cover on the water surface, changes in the area of the water table, and salinity of water. In the northern Caspian Sea, the influence of the phenological phases of ice cover on the change in the microwave radiation of the underlying surface was noted. The features of microwave radiation of the western (deep water) and northern parts of the Aral Sea are studied. The seasonal dynamics of <i>T</i><sub>b</sub> is associated with the processes of formation of ice cover on the water surface. Judging by the changed seasonal dynamics of the <i>T</i><sub>b</sub>, the Sarykamysh Lake was transformed into a year-round ice-free lake. Peculiarities of the seasonal dynamics of <i>T</i><sub>b</sub> for Lake Ubsu-Nur are revealed that may be associated with rainfall in the winter–spring season, as well as with the early opening of rivers and flooding of the ice cover of the lake with river water.</p>","PeriodicalId":56319,"journal":{"name":"Cosmic Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cosmic Research","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0010952523700648","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The climatic changes taking place in Northern Eurasia, which have become especially aggravated in the past few decades, in combination with the anthropogenic impact on ecosystems, are causing noticeable changes in the hydrological characteristics of mineral lakes. Based on the results of daily measurements of brightness temperature Tb from the SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Solution) satellite, the long-term seasonal dynamics of hydrological changes in some large mineral lakes of Northern Eurasia (Caspian Sea, Kara-Bogaz-Gol Bay, Aral Sea, lakes Sarykamyshskoe, Kulunda, Ubsu-Nur) from 2012 to 2022 was studied. The analysis of the seasonal and interannual dynamics of Tb and thermodynamic temperature of the underlying surface was performed on the basis of the SMOS L1C and MODIS MOD11A1 (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) products, respectively. Four periods were identified with different behavior of the radiative characteristics of mineral lakes, associated with a decrease in temperature below the freezing point of salt water, the formation and melting of ice cover on the water surface, changes in the area of the water table, and salinity of water. In the northern Caspian Sea, the influence of the phenological phases of ice cover on the change in the microwave radiation of the underlying surface was noted. The features of microwave radiation of the western (deep water) and northern parts of the Aral Sea are studied. The seasonal dynamics of Tb is associated with the processes of formation of ice cover on the water surface. Judging by the changed seasonal dynamics of the Tb, the Sarykamysh Lake was transformed into a year-round ice-free lake. Peculiarities of the seasonal dynamics of Tb for Lake Ubsu-Nur are revealed that may be associated with rainfall in the winter–spring season, as well as with the early opening of rivers and flooding of the ice cover of the lake with river water.
期刊介绍：
Cosmic Research publishes scientific papers covering all subjects of space science and technology, including the following: ballistics, flight dynamics of the Earth’s artificial satellites and automatic interplanetary stations; problems of transatmospheric descent; design and structure of spacecraft and scientific research instrumentation; life support systems and radiation safety of manned spacecrafts; exploration of the Earth from Space; exploration of near space; exploration of the Sun, planets, secondary planets, and interplanetary medium; exploration of stars, nebulae, interstellar medium, galaxies, and quasars from spacecraft; and various astrophysical problems related to space exploration. A chronicle of scientific events and other notices concerning the main topics of the journal are also presented.
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