Toward a test of the “Law of Crime Concentration” in Japanese cities: a geographical crime analysis in Tokyo and Osaka

IF 3.1 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Crime Science Pub Date : 2019-10-13 DOI:10.1186/s40163-019-0106-z

Mamoru Amemiya, Tomoya Ohyama

引用次数: 0

Abstract

This brief report aims to reveal crime concentration at the district level in Tokyo and Osaka, Japan, two cities characterized by low crime rates. Eight types of property crimes that occurred between 2008 and 2017 in Tokyo and Osaka and had been aggregated by the census enumeration district were analyzed using the Gini coefficient based on the Poisson-Gamma method. The results indicated three patterns. First, crime concentration was identified. Second, the degree of concentration depended upon crime type. Commercial burglary was the most concentrated crime type, and theft from vehicle and theft from vending machine were the most dispersed. Third, crime concentration patterns either remained stable or became more concentrated over time. Additionally, while theft of bicycle was found to display stable concentration levels over time, the concentration level of purse snatching was fluid. On the basis of the results, this report discusses the possibility of establishing the “Law of Crime Concentration” (LCC) in two Japanese cities.

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检验日本城市的 "犯罪集中定律"：东京和大阪的地理犯罪分析

本简要报告旨在揭示日本东京和大阪这两个犯罪率较低的城市在地区层面的犯罪集中情况。我们使用基于泊松-伽马法的基尼系数，对 2008 年至 2017 年间发生在东京和大阪的八种财产犯罪进行了分析，并按人口普查辖区进行了汇总。结果显示了三种模式。第一，犯罪集中。其次，集中程度取决于犯罪类型。商业入室盗窃是最集中的犯罪类型，而盗窃车辆和盗窃自动售货机是最分散的犯罪类型。第三，随着时间的推移，犯罪集中模式要么保持稳定，要么变得更加集中。此外，虽然自行车盗窃的集中程度随着时间的推移而趋于稳定，但抢夺钱包的集中程度却不稳定。根据这些结果，本报告讨论了在日本两个城市建立 "犯罪集中规律"（LCC）的可能性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Crime Science Social Sciences-Cultural Studies

CiteScore

11.90

自引率

8.20%

发文量

审稿时长

13 weeks

期刊介绍： Crime Science is an international, interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed journal with an applied focus. The journal''s main focus is on research articles and systematic reviews that reflect the growing cooperation among a variety of fields, including environmental criminology, economics, engineering, geography, public health, psychology, statistics and urban planning, on improving the detection, prevention and understanding of crime and disorder. Crime Science will publish theoretical articles that are relevant to the field, for example, approaches that integrate theories from different disciplines. The goal of the journal is to broaden the scientific base for the understanding, analysis and control of crime and disorder. It is aimed at researchers, practitioners and policy-makers with an interest in crime reduction. It will also publish short contributions on timely topics including crime patterns, technological advances for detection and prevention, and analytical techniques, and on the crime reduction applications of research from a wide range of fields. Crime Science publishes research articles, systematic reviews, short contributions and theoretical articles. While Crime Science uses the APA reference style, the journal welcomes submissions using alternative reference styles on a case-by-case basis.