{"title":"Genesis and Age of the Ore Thickness of the Tomtor Deposit of Niobium and Rare-Earth Elements (Northeast Siberian Platform)","authors":"A. V. Tolstov, V. G. Cherenkov, L. N. Baranov","doi":"10.1134/s1075701523090076","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>In the northeast of the Siberian Platform (Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)), there is the Udzha province of alkaline ultrabasic massifs with carbonatites of the final phases of the evolution of the magmatic system, forming its central “carbonatite core” and containing increased concentrations of Fe, Al, P, and a complex of rare and rare-earth elements. The massifs have a lateritic weathering crust with a thickness of up to 400 m. In the weathering crust of carbonatites, the contents of phosphates, Nb, Y, Sc, and TR are significantly higher compared to unaltered rock varieties. However, they reach maximal values in the thickness of peculiar sedimentary deposits formed as a result of the deposition of products denudation of the crust of ore-bearing carbonatites in small lake depressions and their intensive chemogenic transformation in a hot humid climate. They are uniquely rich ores, which in terms of the set and content of useful components have no analogues in world practice. These rocks are sometimes their natural concentrates with average contents of Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> 7.21%, Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> 0.578%, Sc<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> 0.045%, and TR<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> 10.16%. The rocks that make up the ore-bearing stratum have characteristic features of sedimentary genesis: well-defined layered texture and facies zoning, as well as the presence of carbonized plant detritus and bacteriomorphic aggregates. This gives grounds to consider the complex of these formations as an independent stratigraphic unit—the Tomtor strata. Geological data suggest that it was formed in the range of 340–280 My. The Tomtor strata can serve as an important search criterion when searching for rare and rare-earth elements.</p>","PeriodicalId":12719,"journal":{"name":"Geology of Ore Deposits","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Geology of Ore Deposits","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1075701523090076","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"GEOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
In the northeast of the Siberian Platform (Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)), there is the Udzha province of alkaline ultrabasic massifs with carbonatites of the final phases of the evolution of the magmatic system, forming its central “carbonatite core” and containing increased concentrations of Fe, Al, P, and a complex of rare and rare-earth elements. The massifs have a lateritic weathering crust with a thickness of up to 400 m. In the weathering crust of carbonatites, the contents of phosphates, Nb, Y, Sc, and TR are significantly higher compared to unaltered rock varieties. However, they reach maximal values in the thickness of peculiar sedimentary deposits formed as a result of the deposition of products denudation of the crust of ore-bearing carbonatites in small lake depressions and their intensive chemogenic transformation in a hot humid climate. They are uniquely rich ores, which in terms of the set and content of useful components have no analogues in world practice. These rocks are sometimes their natural concentrates with average contents of Nb2O5 7.21%, Y2O3 0.578%, Sc2O3 0.045%, and TR2O3 10.16%. The rocks that make up the ore-bearing stratum have characteristic features of sedimentary genesis: well-defined layered texture and facies zoning, as well as the presence of carbonized plant detritus and bacteriomorphic aggregates. This gives grounds to consider the complex of these formations as an independent stratigraphic unit—the Tomtor strata. Geological data suggest that it was formed in the range of 340–280 My. The Tomtor strata can serve as an important search criterion when searching for rare and rare-earth elements.
期刊介绍：
Geology of Ore Deposits is a periodical covering the topic of metallic and nonmetallic mineral deposits, their formation conditions, and spatial and temporal distribution. The journal publishes original scientific articles and reviews on a wide range of problems in theoretical and applied geology. The journal focuses on the following problems: deep geological structure and geodynamic environment of ore formation; distribution pattern of metallogenic zones and mineral deposits; geology and formation environment of large and unique metallic and nonmetallic deposits; mineralogy of metallic and nonmetallic deposits; physicochemical and isotopic characteristics and geochemical environment of ore deposition; evolution of ore-forming systems; radiogeology and radioecology, economic problems in exploring, developing, and mining of ore commodities.
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